28. Flashscards-juridic-eng-ro

Welcome to your 28. Flashscards-juridic-eng-ro

Patent thicket

„desis de brevete” (retea complexa de brevete care ingreuneaza inovatia)

Firewalls (competition law)

„paravane” organizationale

Patent troll

„vanator de brevete” / entitate de litigii abuzive pe brevete

To accede

a adera

To enact

a adopta (o lege)

To amend

a amenda

To enforce

a aplica

perpetrate fraud

a comite frauda

challenge

a contesta

to file an appeal

a declara apel

To petition

a depune petitie

drew an important distinction

a facut o distinctie importanta

To interpret

a interpreta

Enter into effect

a intra in vigoare

insulate

a izola

To adjudicate

a judeca

To legislate

a legifera

to argue cases in court

a pleda cauze in instanta

To ratify

a ratifica

undepin

a sta la baza

to implement

a transpune in fapt, a implementa

expedite

a urgenta

serious offence

abatere de gravitate

judicial default

abatere judiciara

subscription

abonament

subscriber

abonat

to repeal

abroga

Abrogation/ Repeal

abrogare

Carbon sink

absorbant de carbon

Abuse

abuz

Child abuse

abuz asupra copilului

Elder abuse

abuz asupra persoanelor varstnice

Abuse of rights

abuz de drepturi

Market abuse

abuz de piata

Abuse of dominant position/ Dominant position abuse

abuz de pozitie dominanta

Abuse of process

abuz de procedura

Abuse of market power

abuz de putere de piata

abuse of office

abuz in serviciu

abuse while on duty against the private-interests

abuz in serviciu contra intereselor persoanelor

emphasis

accentul

Customs declaration acceptance

acceptarea declaratiei vamale

Submission to jurisdiction

acceptarea jurisdictiei

Access to cultural goods

acces la bunuri culturale

Access to knowledge

acces la cunoastere

Access to information

acces la informatii

Access to healthcare

acces la ingrijiri medicale

Access to court

acces la instanta

Access to justice

acces la justitie

Access to medicines

acces la medicamente

Housing affordability

accesibilitatea locuintelor

Fixtures

accesorii imobiliare

Occupational injury/ Workplace accident

accident de munca

Nuclear accident

accident nuclear

Traffic accident

accident rutier

Excise duty

accize

Acquittal

achitare – hotararea prin care inculpatul este declarat nevinovat

acquisition

achizitie

share acquisition (UK) / stock acquisition (US)

achizitie de actiuni

asset acquisition

achizitie de active

Land acquisition

achizitie de teren

public procurement

achizitie publica

Green procurement

achizitii publice verzi

Hedge

acoperire impotriva riscului

Universal coverage

acoperire universala

Social protection coverage

acoperirea protectiei sociale

Agreement (US usage, often instead of “treaty”)

Acord (in SUA, multe „treaties” sunt numite „agreements” pentru a evita ratificarea complexa)

Friendly settlement

acord amiabil

Bilateral agreement on social security

acord bilateral privind securitatea sociala

Confidential settlement

acord confidential

Closed shop agreement (US, istoric)

acord cu angajare doar prin sindicat

Choice of court agreement

acord de alegere a instantei

Association agreement

acord de asociere

Confidentiality Agreement/ non-disclosure agreement (NDA)

acord de confidentialitate

R&D cooperation agreement

acord de cooperare in cercetare-dezvoltare

Development agreement

acord de dezvoltare

Joint development agreement

acord de dezvoltare in parteneriat

exclusivity agreement

acord de exclusivitate

Free trade agreement (FTA)

acord de liber schimb

Mediation agreement/ settlement

acord de mediere

No-poach agreement

acord de ne-angajare a personalului

non-compete agreement

acord de neconcurenta

Partnership agreement

acord de parteneriat

data processing agreement (DPA)

acord de prelucrare date

Plea bargain (US)

acord de recunoastere a vinovatiei

Withdrawal Agreement (Brexit)

Acord de Retragere (Brexit)

Separation agreement

acord de separare

cloud services agreement

acord de servicii cloud

Settlement agreement

acord de solutionare amiabila

technology transfer agreement

acord de transfer tehnologic

Executive Agreement (US only)

acord executiv (concluzionat de presedinte, fara ratificare in senat)

International agreement

acord international

Plea deal

acord intre aparare si acuzare privind pedeapsa

Consent decree (US)

acord judiciar aprobat

Consent decree (environmental)

acord judiciar privind mediu

Mixed agreement (EU practice – EU + Member States)

Acord mixt (UE + State membre ca parti)

Binding Settlement

acord obligatoriu

WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement

Acord OMC privind facilitarea comertului

Customs valuation agreement (WTO)

Acord OMC privind valoarea vamala

Horizontal agreement

acord orizontal

Vertical agreement

acord vertical

Accord (UK/EU, softer form)

acord, intelegere politica (non-binding uneori)

moves to presenting the evidence

acorda cuvantul pe aspectul propunerii de probe

Grant of patent

acordarea brevetului

Hague Agreement

Acordul de la Haga

Paris Agreement

Acordul de la Paris

Party agreement

Acordul partilor

TRIPS Agreement

Acordul TRIPS

R&D agreements

acorduri de cercetare-dezvoltare

Mutual recognition agreements

acorduri de recunoastere reciproca

Mixed agreements

acorduri mixte

Climate change agreements

acorduri privind schimbarile climatice

Basel Accords

acordurile de la basel

Acquis communautaire

acquis comunitar

Accreditation of Mediators

acreditarea mediatorilor

Mediation Accreditation

acreditarea medierii

documentary credit

acreditiv documentar

Supplementary act

act aditional

administrative action

act administrativ

administrative certificate of authority

act administrativ de autoritate

Trustee deed

act al trustee-ului

Authentic act

act autentic

Deed

act autentic de proprietate

Authentic notarial deed

act autentic notarial

memorandum of association, US article of incorporation, certificate of incorporation

act constitutiv

updated articles of association (UK) / amended bylaws (US)

act constitutiv actualizat

Indictment (US)

act de acuzare formal – emis de un mare juriu

clemency

act de clementa

act of disposition

act de dispozitie

Deed of gift/ Donation deed

act de donatie

Warranty deed

act de garantie a proprietatii

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Terms of Reference

act de misiune

Partition deed

act de partaj

Title deed

act de proprietate

debt acknowledgement

act de recunoastere

Quitclaim deed

act de renuntare la drepturi

act of apprehension

act de sesizare

intra vires act

act emis in limitele competentei

Sheriff deed (US)

act emis la licitatie judecatoreasca

Forged deed

act falsificat

Juridical/ legal act

act juridic

Legislative act

act legislativ

Statutory instrument

act normativ subsecvent

notarial deed

act notarial

Voidable notarial act

act notarial anulabil

Enforceable notarial deed

act notarial executoriu

Invalid notarial act

act notarial nul

document proving the registered office

act sediu

Statutory rape

act sexual cu minor, indiferent de consimtamant

Ultra vires act

act ultra vires (in afara competentei), act emis cu depasirea competentei

Uniform Child Custody Jurisdiction Act

act uniform privind jurisdictia custodie copiilor

evidentiary documents

acte constatatoare

Pleadings

acte de procedura

low level normative act

acte normative de nivel inferior

Trade Reg. : dealings and events

acte si fapte

shareholder (UK) / stockholder (US)

actionar

Majority shareholder

actionar majoritar

Minority shareholder

actionar minoritar

Share / stock

actiune

lawsuit / action

actiune (proces)

share (UK) / stock (US)

actiune (valoare mobiliare)

Stand-alone action

actiune autonoma

Class action (US)/ Collective redress

actiune colectiva

Joint action

actiune comuna

confessory pleading of real estate encumbrances / actio confessoria servitutis

actiune confesorie in servitute

Corrective action

actiune corectiva

Enforcement action

actiune de aplicare

Environmental enforcement action

actiune de aplicare a legislatiei de mediu

Set Aside Proceedings

actiune in anulare

claim of forfeiture of rights

actiune in decadere

Damages action/ claim

actiune in despagubiri

Follow-on damages action

actiune in despagubiri ulterioara unei decizii

action for the recovery of possession

actiune in revendicare

Citizen suit

actiune introdusa de cetateni

derivative action

actiune oblica

Common stock

actiune ordinara

action to recover possession

actiune posesorie

Preferred stock

actiune preferentiala

Preventive action

actiune preventiva

Representative action

actiune reprezentativa

Industrial action

actiune sindicala

patronage actions/programs

actiuni de mecenat

party wall rights and remedies

actiuni in granituire

ordinary shares (UK) / common stock (US)

actiuni ordinare

preference shares (UK) / preferred stock (US)

actiuni preferentiale

(she will not) file appeal

activarea hotararii

Risk-weighted assets

active ponderate la risc

Environmental advocacy

activism de mediu

Judicial activism

activism judiciar

lead positions, supervisory positions, managerial positions

activitate de raspundere

Inventive step

activitate inventiva

day-to-day affairs

activitati cotidiene / de zi cu zi

as revised to date

actualizata la zi

the judicial process (decision-making)

actul de justitie

initiation (commencement) of foreclosure / actions triggering the foreclosure proceedings

actul incepator de executare

(civil) juristic act

actul juridic civil

Single European Act

Actul Unic European

Land banking

acumulare de terenuri pentru dezvoltare viitoare

Prosecution

acuzare – procesul condus de procuror, urmarire penala

Accused

acuzat

Allegation/ charge

acuzatie

charges / offences alleged

acuzatii / infractiuni imputate

false allegations

acuzatii false

Reasonable accommodation

adaptare rezonabila (pentru persoane cu dizabilitati)

add to the court record

adaugati la dosarul instantei

Capital adequacy

adecvarea capitalului

Adequacy of benefits

adecvarea prestatiilor

Accession

aderare

common practice/real habit

adevarata practica

certificate/ to certify

adeverinta / a se adeveri

certificate of employment

adeverinta de angajare / de munca

sucessful bidder

adjudecatar

Asset management

administrare de active

Environmental stewardship

administrare responsabila a mediului

Case management

administrarea cazului

Facility management

administrarea proprietatii

(from the evidence) submitted in the case...

administrat in cauza

Internal Revenue Service (IRS)

Administratia fiscala americana

HM Revenue & Customs (HMRC)

Administratia fiscala britanica

Administration of State Protocol Patrimony

Administratia Patrimoniului Protocolului de Stat

Food and Drug Administration (FDA)

Administratia pentru Alimente si Medicamente

Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)

Administratia pentru securitate si sanatate in munca

central administration

administratie centrala

Social security administration

Administratie de securitate sociala

local administration

administratie locala

devolved administrations

administratii descentralizate (Scotia, tara Galilor, Irlanda de Nord)

director (UK) / officer (US)/ GF administrator

administrator

Case Manager

administrator de dosar

insolvency practitioner (UK) / bankruptcy trustee (US)/ Court-appointed administrator/ Trustee

administrator judiciar

trustee in bankruptcy, receiver-manager

administrator-sechestru

produce evidence

administrprobe

Admissibility

admisibilitate

Case admissibility

admisibilitatea cazului

Admissibility of Evidence

admisibilitatea probelor

Temporary admission

admitere temporara

acceptance of counterclaim

admiterea reconventionalei

embracing

adoptarea

Adoption

adoptie

full adoption

adoptie cu efecte depline

limited adoption

adoptie cu efecte restranse

cover letter

adresa de inaintare

official address / service address

adresa oficiala

to prejudice (human dignity)

aduce atingere (demnitatii umane)

Constitutional Assembly

adunare constituanta

(BrE) inaugural statutory meeting of members

adunare constitutiva a societatii

General Assembly

adunarea generala

annual general meeting / US annual meeting of shareholders

adunarea generala a asociatilor / actionarilor

extraordinary general meeting / US special meeting of shareholders

adunarea generala extraordinara / adunarea speciala a actionarilor din SUA

joint enterprise

afacere comuna

void, null and void (in contextul de fata)

afectat de nulitate

special assignement

afectatiune speciala

affinity

afinitate

Injurious falsehood

Afirmatii false prejudiciabile (concurenta neloiala)

being affiliated with Y Bank

aflata in relatii de afiliere cu Banca

G20 Financial Stability Agenda

Agenda G20 pentru stabilitate financiara

agent

traffic officer who issued the fine/report/citation

agent constatator (politie rutiera)

freight forwarder

agent de expeditie

First Registered Agent

agent de inmatriculare

close protection officer

agent de insotire si gardare

constable (UK)

agent de politie

sales agent

agent de vanzari

Escrow agent

agent escrow

tax agent

agent fiscal

Real estate agent

agent imobiliar

Customs agent

agent vamal

European Environment Agency (EEA)

Agentia Europeana de Mediu (EEA)

National Agency for Fiscal Administration (ANAF)

Agentia Nationala de Administrare Fiscala

Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)

Agentia pentru Protectia Mediului (EPA)

administrative agency

agentie administrativa

Enforcement agency

agentie de aplicare a legii

Social insurance agency

agentie de asigurari sociale

control and collection agency

agentie de control si incasare

Environmental agency

agentie de mediu

Employment agency

agentie de ocupare a fortei de munca

Rating agency

agentie de rating

executive agency

agentie executiva

federal agency

agentie federala

independent agency

agentie independenta

consumer protection agency

agentie pentru protectia consumatorilor

aggravation

agravare

Sexual assault

agresiune sexuala

Sustainable agriculture

agricultura durabila

adjustment

ajustare

Compatible aid

ajutor compatibil

funeral/death grant

ajutor de inmormantare/deces

De minimis aid

ajutor de minimis

State aid

ajutor de stat

Incompatible aid

ajutor incompatibil

Prohibited aid

ajutor interzis

Environmental aid

ajutor pentru protectia mediului

Restructuring aid

ajutor pentru restructurare

Rescue aid

ajutor pentru salvare

Regional aid

ajutor regional

Social assistance benefit

ajutor social

Second job / moonlighting

al doilea loc de munca / cumul de functii

Fourteenth Amendment

al paisprezecelea amendament

Consumer choice

alegerea consumatorului

Forum shopping

alegerea forumului favorabil

Forum shopping

alegerea instantei avantajoase

Choice of law

alegerea legii aplicabile

General election

alegeri generale

strategic alliance

alianta strategica

Parental alienation

alienare parentala

paragraph

alineat

share allotment (UK) / stock allocation (US)

alocare de actiuni

Case allocation

alocarea cazului

Cost Allocation

alocarea costurilor

Rent allowance

alocatie de chirie

Invalidity allowance

alocatie de invaliditate

Family allowance

alocatie familiala

Birth grant

alocatie la nastere

Jobseeker’s allowance

alocatie pentru cautarea unui loc de munca

Child benefit

alocatie pentru copii

Housing allowance

alocatie pentru locuinta

Orphan allowance

alocatie pentru orfani

rotation or alternation of power

alternanta la putere

Duck Out

alveola

Continuance (US)

amanare

adjourn(ment) without discussion; (E&W crim.) ordered a section 1(2) paper committal

amanare fara discutie

Product packaging

ambalajul produsului

both original copies

ambele exemplare ale originalului

Fine

amenda – sanctiune pecuniara

Administrative fine

amenda administrativa

regulatory fine

amenda administrativa

civil penalty/fine

amenda contraventionala

Environmental fine

amenda de mediu

Customs fine

amenda vamala

Amendment

amendament

Constitutional amendment

amendament constitutional

Legislative amendment

amendament legislativ

Amiable Compositeur

amiable compositeur (arbitru echitabil)

Amicus curiae

amicus curiae (prieten al instantei), intervenient voluntar

Amnesty

amnistie – iertarea colectiva pentru anumite fapte

Depreciation

amortizare

Amortization (US, intangible assets)

amortizare (active necorporale)

Systemic risk buffer

amortizor de risc sistemic

Carbon footprint

amprenta de carbon

Environmental footprint

amprenta de mediu

Ecological footprint

amprenta ecologica

fingerprints and mugshot

amprente si fotografie la arest

Rule of reason analysis

analiza bazata pe principiul ratiunii

Comparative cost analysis

analiza comparativa a costurilor

Economic analysis

analiza economica

Article-by-article analysis

analiza pe articole

having analyzed the documents in the above file

analizand piesele dosarului de mai sus

Market investigation

ancheta de piata

Preliminary inquiry

ancheta preliminara

Sector inquiry

ancheta sectoriala

(div./adoption) welfare report; social worker report

ancheta sociala

to conduct a preliminary investigation

anchetin libertate

Anexa constatatoare

anexa const

Commitment

angajament

recognizance (US)

angajament de prezentare fara cautiune

legal commitment

angajament legal

Political commitment (US/UK: often MoU, not legally binding)

angajament politic (memorandum de intelegere, fara efect juridic obligatoriu)

Commitments

angajamente

Behavioral commitments

angajamente comportamentale

Structural commitments

angajamente structurale

Hiring

angajare

Employment-at-will (US)

angajare „la vointa” (fara protectie impotriva concedierii)

Exempt employees (US)

angajati exceptati (fara drept la plata orelor suplimentare)

Non-exempt employees (US)

angajati neexceptati (cu drept la plata orelor suplimentare)

Employer

angajator

Redaction of documents

anonimizarea documentelor

enter into/address the merits

antama fondul

Preliminary contract

antecontract

prejudgment

antepronuntare

Antichresis

anticreza

Antitrust & IP

Antitrust si PI

Bonded warehouse/ Customs warehousing

antrepozit vamal

contractor

antreprenorul, executantul

Annulment

anulare

Judicial annulment

anulare judiciara

Annulment of marriage

anularea casatoriei

Annulment of award/ Set-aside judgment

anularea hotararii

void, stamp duty

anulat T x T

overruled

anulat

Drinking water

apa potabila

Wastewater

apa uzata

Defence / Defense (US)

aparare

Defense (US) / Defence (UK)

aparare – partea care il reprezinta pe acuzat

Efficiencies defence

aparare bazata pe eficienta

Failing firm defence

aparare pe baza firmei in faliment

defence by way of exception

aparare pe cale de exceptie

insanity defense

aparare prin nebunie

necessity defense

aparare prin necesitate

property right(s) protection

apararea dreptului de proprietate

Stateless person

apatrid

Appeal (against)

apel – cale de atac impotriva unei hotarari

Appeal (limited)

apel (limitat)

cross-appeal

apel incident

Limited appeal

apel limitat

Appeal on points of law

apel pe motive de drept

Appeal on facts

apel pe motive de fapt

Interim appeal

apel provizoriu

cross-appeal by an interested third party

apel provocat

Direct applicability

aplicabilitate directa

Industrial applicability

aplicabilitate industriala

International enforcement

aplicare internationala

Private enforcement

aplicare privata

Public enforcement

aplicare publica

Territorial application

aplicare teritoriala

Uniform application of law

aplicare uniforma a dreptului

apply/use the warranty against eviction in a rental contract

aplicarea garantiei impotriva evictiunii la contractul de locatiune

law enforcement

aplicarea legii

Dépeçage

aplicarea mai multor legi diferitelor parti ale aceluiasi contract

Online enforcement

aplicarea online

enforced

aplicat

capital contribution

aport de capital

contribution in kind

aport in natura

cash contribution

aport in numerar

Apostille

apostila

Hague Apostille

Apostila de la Haga

reclamantului

applicant

apprehension

retinerea

Approval

aprobarea

makes oath & will say (that) he undertakes to file (hereafter)

arata se obliga sa depuna

Arbitrability

arbitrabilitate

Arbitrage/ Arbitration

arbitraj

Ad hoc arbitration

arbitraj ad hoc

Commercial Arbitration

arbitraj comercial

International commercial arbitration

arbitraj comercial international

Construction Arbitration

arbitraj in constructii

Energy Arbitration

arbitraj in energie

Trademark Arbitration

arbitraj in materie de marci

Institutional arbitration

arbitraj institutionalizat

Domestic arbitration

arbitraj intern

International arbitration

arbitraj international

International investment arbitration

arbitraj international in investitii

Investment Arbitration

arbitraj investitional

Investor-State dispute settlement

arbitraj investitor–stat

Maritime Arbitration

arbitraj maritim

Multi-contract Arbitration

arbitraj multi-contract

Multi-party arbitration

arbitraj multipartit

Binding arbitration

arbitraj obligatoriu

Industry-Specific Arbitration

arbitraj sectorial

Sports Arbitration

arbitraj sportiv

International customs arbitration

arbitraj vamal international

abitration/settlement of patrimonial disputes

arbitrajul litigiilor patrimoniale

arbitrator

arbitru

Emergency Arbitrator

arbitrul de urgenta

Presiding Arbitrator

arbitrul presedinte

Sole Arbitrator

arbitrul unic

Arb-med

arb-med (arbitraj cu faza de mediere)

fruit-bearing shrub

arbust fructifer

Agricultural lease/ farm lease

arenda

Farm tenancy

arenda agricola

place of detention

arest

House arrest

arest la domiciliu

Jail (US)

arest local (detentie scurta, preventiva)

(crim.) remand in custody (pre-trial) (UK)/ custody on remand; holding/held in custody; (civ.) arrest of a ship etc. /preventive arrest (RO)

arest preventiv (plasare in arest pana la proces)

Pre-trial detention

arest preventiv inainte de proces

detention pending extradition

arest provizoriu in vederea extradarii

Arrest

arestare

unlawful arrest

arestare ilegala

Remand

arestare preventiva / trimitere in arest

Argument

argument

to argue cases in court

argumenta cazurile in instanta

Skeleton argument (UK)

argumentar succint

Archive

arhiva

Archive of notarial deeds

arhiva actelor notariale

Case backlog

arhiva de cauze restante

electronic listings of tangible property put up as collateral (AEGRM) /Electronic Archive for Security Interests in Movable Property / traducere oficiala:The Electronic Archive for Secured Transactions

Arhiva Electronica de Garantii Reale Mobiliare (AEGRM)

Archiving of expired deeds

arhivarea actelor expirate

Harmonisation

armonizare

Data harmonization

armonizarea datelor

Harmonization of private law

armonizarea dreptului privat

Harmonization/ Approximation of law

armonizarea legislatiei

Legislative harmonization

armonizarea legislativa

Articles 174, 175(c)-176(a) of the Criminal Code

art. 174 rap. 175 lit. c- 176 lit. a C.P.

Article

articol

sole article

articol unic

de plin drept/ in virtutea legii

as a matter of right

exactly as sought or applied for; (AmE) as phrased

asa cum a fost formulata

introduced (identify) oneself

a-si declina identitatea

to appropriate revenues/proceeds from a good

a-si insusi fructele unui bun

insurance

asigurare

liability insurance

asigurare de raspundere civila

Environmental liability insurance

asigurare de raspundere pentru mediu

Health insurance

asigurare de sanatate

Unemployment insurance

asigurare de somaj

Title insurance

asigurare de titlu

Work accident insurance

asigurare pentru accidente de munca

professional indemnity insurance (UK) / malpractice insurance (US)

asigurare profesionala

Deposit insurance

asigurarea depozitelor

Social insurance

asigurari sociale

Information asymmetry

asimetrie informationala

Mutual administrative assistance

asistenta administrativa reciproca

Emergency assistance

asistenta de urgenta

Judicial assistance

asistenta judiciara

mutual legal assistance

asistenta judiciara reciproca

legal aid

asistenta juridica

Social assistance

asistenta sociala

part-time associate

asociat colaborator

Partner

asociat/ partener

partners / members

asociati

Homeowners’ association (HOA)

asociatie de proprietari

non-profit association (UK) / non-profit organization (US: 501(c)(3))

asociatie non-profit

professional association

asociatie profesionala

conspiracy

asociere in vederea savarsirii de infractiuni

Joint venture

asociere pentru dezvoltare imobiliara/ societate mixta/ asociatie in participatiune

Land pooling

asocieri de terenuri

practicalities

aspectele practice

Product appearance

aspectul produsului

legitimate expectation

asteptare legitima

On the present civil matter

asupra cauzei

to bring the action before administrative court

atacin contencios administrativ

Attribution

atribuire

allocation of income

atribuirea beneficiului

Award of Costs

atribuirea cheltuielilor

associated right (ownership)

atribut

Duties

atributii

attrition

uzura

oral hearing

audiere

Evidence hearing

audiere a probelor

Disciplinary hearing

audiere disciplinara

Oral hearing

audiere orala

indictment hearing

audiere pe actul de acuzare

Remand hearing

audiere pentru arest preventiv

bail hearing

audiere pentru cautiune

custody extension hearing

audiere pentru prelungirea detentiei

custody hearing

audiere privind arestul

plea hearing

audiere privind pledoaria

Public hearing (exception)

audiere publica (exceptional)

Arraignment (US)

audierea formala a inculpatului pentru a raspunde la acuzatii

Witness examination

audierea martorului

audit

Compliance audit

audit de conformitate

Environmental compliance audit

audit de conformitate de mediu

Environmental audit

audit de mediu

external audit

audit extern

internal audit

audit intern

Post-clearance audit

audit ulterior vamuirii

Customs audit

audit vamal

trainee auditor

auditor in formare

Equal authenticity

autenticitate egala

Notarial authentication

autentificare notariala

Authentication of documents

autentificarea documentelor

Authentication of text

autentificarea textului

self-direction

autoconductie

filing a self incriminatory report

autodenuntare

Self-assessment

autoevaluare

Party autonomy

autonomia de vointa a partilor

Procedural autonomy

autonomie procedurala

Author/ decedent/ predecessor

autor

Principal offender

autor principal

Self-regulation

auto-reglementare

Authority

autoritate

administrative authority

autoritate administrativa

aviation authority

autoritate aeronautica

competent authority

autoritate competenta

enforcement authority

autoritate de aplicare a legii

competition authority

autoritate de concurenta

environmental authority

autoritate de mediu

Appointment Authority

autoritate de numire

energy regulator

autoritate de reglementare in energie

Supervisory authority

autoritate de supraveghere

authority issuing the warrant

autoritate emitenta a mandatului

tax authority

autoritate fiscala

independent authority

autoritate independenta

Judicial authority

autoritate judecatoreasca

Local authority

autoritate locala

maritime authority

autoritate maritima

National authority

autoritate nationala

National Competition Authority (NCA)

autoritate nationala de concurenta

Parental authority

autoritate parinteasca

public procurement authority

autoritate pentru achizitii publice

asylum authority

autoritate pentru azil

immigration authority

autoritate pentru imigratie

disaster management authority

autoritate pentru managementul dezastrelor

data protection authority

autoritate pentru protectia datelor

transport authority

autoritate pentru transporturi

public authority

autoritate publica

public supervisory body

autoritate publica tutelara

health authority

autoritate sanitara

Customs authority

Autoritate vamala (ANAF – RO, HMRC – UK, CBP – US)

European Banking Authority (EBA)

Autoritatea Bancara Europeana (EBA)

Financial Conduct Authority (FCA)

Autoritatea de Conduita Financiara (Marea Britanie)

res judicata / case law

Autoritatea de lucru judecat, puterea lucrului judecat

ASF (Romania)

Autoritatea de Supraveghere Financiara

Financial Supervisory Authority (ASF)

Autoritatea de Supraveghere Financiara

ESMA

Autoritatea Europeana pentru Valori Mobiliare (ESMA)

Res judicata effect

Autoritatea lucrului judecat

National Authority for Consumer Protection (ANPC)

Autoritatea Nationala pentru Protectia Consumatorilor

National Authority for Management and Regulation in Communications (ANCOM)

Autoritatea Nationala pentru Reglementare in Comunicatii

Ofcom (Office of Communications)

autoritatea pentru comunicatii

Competition and Markets Authority (CMA)

autoritatea pentru concurenta si piete

Data Protection Authority (ANSPDCP) / Information Commissioner’s Office (ICO)

autoritatea pentru protectia datelor

Central government public authorities

autoritati publice de stat (centrale)

the authorities were notified ex officio

autoritatile s-au sesizat din oficiu

Clearance with remedies

autorizare cu remedii

Unconditional clearance

autorizare neconditionata

Merger clearance

autorizarea unei fuziuni

permit / license

autorizatie / licenta

Permission to appeal

autorizatie de apel

temporary vehicle permit

autorizatie de circulatie provizorie

Building permit

autorizatie de construire

operating license / business license

autorizatie de functionare

Environmental clearance / Environmental permit

autorizatie de mediu

Work authorization

autorizatie de munca

Fire clearance

autorizatie de securitate la incendiu

Planning permission

autorizatie de urbanism

Special use permit

autorizatie speciala

crown attorney/district attorney is prosecuting

autosesizare

LNF

autoutilitare

emergency ( response) vehicles

autovehicule cu regim de circulatie prioritara

Mr. / Esq.

av.

in the matter of/concerning

avand ca obiect

Whereas...

avand in vedere ca…

AZ Deposit/ Down payment

avans

Advance on Costs

avans pentru cheltuieli

Perks

avantaje suplimentare (neimpozabile, mici facilitati)

ayants cause, assignees, devisees

avanzii causa

Sovereign wealth

averea suverana

Warning

avertisment

Environmental whistleblower

avertizor de mediu

Opinion 2/13 (2014)

Aviz 2/13 – aderarea UE la CEDO respinsa

Advisory opinion

aviz consultativ

ICJ advisory opinion (UN practice)/ International Court of Justice advisory opinion

aviz consultativ al Curtii Internationale de Justitie

search notice

aviz de cautare

shipping notice

aviz de expediere

legal opinion

aviz juridic

legal due diligence opinion

aviz juridic prealabil

prior and opportunity notice

aviz prealabil si de oportunitate

Block exemption notice

aviz privind exceptarile pe categorii

give favourable opinion to

avizam favorabil

endorsement

avizare

endorsed

avizat

Counsel

avocat

Environmental ombudsman

avocat al mediului

Ombudsman

avocat al poporului / Ombudsman

associate attorney (US English)

avocat colaborator

lead attorney

avocat coordonator

duty solicitor (UK)

avocat de serviciu (UK)

legal representative (RO)

avocat desemnat/ reprezentant legal (RO)

public defender (US)

avocat din oficiu (US)

Doctor of Laws, abbrev. LL. D.

Avocat Dr

Advocate General

avocat General (CJUE)

Court-appointed lawyer

avocat numit de instanta

barrister

avocat pledant

trainee lawyer

avocat stagiar

qualified lawyer

avocat titular

Fully qualified lawyers called to the Bar

avocati definitivi al Baroului

Parliamentary Commissioner for Administration

Avocatul Parlamentului (UK Ombudsman)

Ombudsman (customs complaints)

Avocatul poporului / mediator pentru plangeri vamale

European Ombudsman

Avocatul Poporului European

Advocacy

avocatura

Asbestos

azbest

Asylum (family reunification)

azil (reunificarea familiei)

Diplomatic asylum

azil diplomatic

Territorial asylum

azil teritorial

trial balance

balanta contabila

Balance of payments

balanta de plati

chanellizer cone

baliza directionala

bank

banca

Central Bank

Banca centrala

European Central Bank (ECB)

Banca Centrala Europeana (BCE)

Commercial Bank

Banca comerciala

Investment Bank

Banca de investitii

European Investment Bank (EIB)

Banca Europeana de Investitii

World Bank

Banca Mondiala

National Bank of Romania (BNR)

Banca Nationala a Romaniei

fraudulent bankruptcy

bancruta frauduloasa

Offshore banking

Banking offshore

Trade barrier

bariera comerciala

Glass ceiling

bariera invizibila pentru cariera femeilor

Firewalls

bariere de protectie (firewalls)

Exit barriers

bariere la iesire

Entry barriers

bariere la intrare

Non-tariff barriers

bariere netarifare

Tariff barriers

bariere tarifare

Basel III

Basel IV

Contribution base

baza de calcul a contributiilor

Social security database

baza de date de securitate sociala

Legal basis

baza juridica

foundations of law

bazele dreptului

beneficiary

beneficiar

ultimate beneficial owner (UBO)

beneficiar efectiv

Beneficial owner

beneficiar real

Fringe benefits

beneficii extra-salariale

Flexible benefits

beneficii flexibile

Social benefits

beneficii sociale

Environmental benefit

beneficiu ecologic

spread-out maturities benefits

beneficiul termenelor

partinirile

biases

Bifurcation

bifurcare (separarea fazelor)

Big data

BigTech in finance

BigTech In finante

balance sheet / US financial statement

bilant

promissory note

bilet la ordin

Biodiversity

biodiversitate

consensual and consociational bipartisanship

bipartidism consensual si consociational

Notarial office

birou notarial

Customs office

birou vamal

Border customs office

birou vamal de frontiera

Inland customs office

birou vamal interior

Document Issue Counter/Desk

Biroul Eliberare Documente

share lock-up agreement

blocaj de actiuni

Market foreclosure

blocarea accesului pe piata

Blockchain

Blockchain in customs

Blockchain in vami

Occupational disease

boala profesionala

delivery note

bon de livrare

payment slip

bon de plata

creditworthiness

bonitate

Food stamps

bonuri alimentare

bonus / US stock dividend

bonus / dividend in actiuni din SUA

Poaching

braconaj

deflect the wheels

bracrotile

brand / trademark

brand

Branding

branding

Patent

brevet

Continuation patent

brevet de continuare

Design patent (US)

brevet de design (specific SUA)

Patentability

brevetabilitate

Biotechnology patents

brevete biotehnologice

Standard-essential patents (SEP)

brevete esentiale pentru standarde

Software patents

brevete pentru software

University patents

brevete universitare

Road Brigade

brigada rutiera

pe larg si corect

broadly and fairly

broker

Police brutality

brutalitate politieneasca

Annual budget

buget anual

income and expenditure budget

buget de venituri si cheltuieli

Social budget

buget social

Property bubble

bule imobiliara

Ballot

buletin de vot

insolvency register (UK) / bankruptcy docket (US)

buletinul procedurilor de insolventa

goods / asset(s)

bun

joint asset and personal asset; jointly owned and separately owned, personal asset

bun comun si bun propriu

Good faith

buna credinta

Welfare

bunastare

Consumer welfare

bunastarea consumatorului

assets pledged as collateral

bunuri afectate garantiei

Knowledge commons

bunuri comune ale cunoasterii

Cultural goods

bunuri culturale

bona vacantia

bunuri de mana-moarta

immovable property (UK) / real property (US)

bunuri imobile

non seizable assets

bunuri insesizabile

movable property / personal property (US)

bunuri mobile

Personal property

bunuri mobile

Stock exchange

bursa de valori

Pickpocketing

buzunareala

Unique Registration Code

C.U.I. R ........

Cabinet

cabinet

solo law practice / private legal practice / private legal practitioner / sole practitioner solicitor

cabinet individual de avocatura

land registry (UK) / county recorder (US)

cadastru

Property survey

cadastru / ridicare topografica

Real estate cadastre

cadastru imobiliar

Institutional framework

cadru institutional

Legal framework

cadru legal

Regulatory framework

cadru normativ

Environmental governance framework

cadrul de guvernanta de mediu

SAFE Framework (WCO)

Cadrul SAFE al OMD

moot, obsolete

caduc

means of appeal

cai de atac

Judicial remedies

cai de atac judiciare

stowaway

calator ilegal/ pasager clandestin

Actuarial calculation

calcul actuarial

Hearing schedule

calendar al sedintelor

Procedural Timetable

calendar procedural

Characterization (qualification)

calificare juridica

(proof of) joint ownership

calitate de coproprietar

heir status

calitate de mostenitor

capacity to pursue the proceedings / standing to bring proceedings / party in a law suit / locus standi (UK term)/ Standing (legal capacity to sue)

calitate procesuala

standing to sue

calitate procesuala activa

Environmental standing

calitate procesuala in materie de mediu

Air quality

calitatea aerului

Ambient air quality

calitatea aerului ambiental

Water quality

calitatea apei

Authorship in AI

Calitatea de autor In cazul AI

Victim status

calitatea de victima

position held by/capacity of the signatory

calitatea in care se semneaza (pozitia)

Soil quality

calitatea solului

Defamation

calomnie

bill of exchange (UK) / draft (US)

cambie

Chamber

camera (instanta)

House of Commons

Camera Comunelor

ICC (International Chamber of Commerce)

Camera Internationala de Comert

House of Lords

Camera Lorzilor

National chamber of arbitration

Camera nationala de arbitraj

National Chamber of Commerce

Camera Nationala de Comert

Chamber of Notaries Public

Camera Notarilor Publici

Bucharest Chamber of Notaries Public

Camera Notarilor Publici Bucuresti

House of Representatives

Camera Reprezentantilor

Special Chamber

Camera speciala

Board of Appeal

camera de recurs / apel

Red channel

Canal rosu (control complet)

Green channel

Canal verde (control simplificat)

Lord Chancellor

cancelar

Capacity to contract

capacitate de a contracta

Carrying capacity

capacitate de suport (a mediului)

Full legal capacity/ full capacity of exercise

capacitate deplina de exercitiu

Legal capacity

capacitate juridica

Mental capacity

capacitate mentala

Procedural capacity

capacitate procesuala

Limited capacity

capacitate restransa

head of claim, count / Relief sought

capat de cerere

authorized share capital (UK) / authorized stock (US)

capital autorizat

Tier 1 capital

capital de rang 1

Tier 2 capital

capital de rang 2

Venture capital

capital de risc

Private equity

capital privat

share capital (UK) / stated capital (US)

capital social

authorised capital / nominal capital

capital social autorizat / capital social nominal

Hot money

capital speculativ („bani fierbinti”)

Domain name grabbing

capturarea abuziva de domenii

Finality of award

caracter definitiv al hotararii

declaration of a new legal status

caracter constitutiv de drepturi

devolutive effect

caracter devolutiv

Individual character

caracter individual

Voluntariness

caracter voluntar

Coal

carbune

Social security card

card de securitate sociala

that would make it subject to

care sa atraga incidenta

required/necessary (legal proceedings)

care se impun

underpinning

care sta la baza

ATA Carnet

Carnet ATA

TIR Carnet

Carnet TIR

Charter

Carta

charter of concessions

carta concedata

Charter of Fundamental Rights

Carta Drepturilor Fundamentale

UN Charter

Carta ONU

Social charter

Carta sociala

European Social Charter

Carta Sociala Europeana

register of tenants

carte de imobil

residence permit (card)

carte de resedinta

land register (UK) / title record (US)

carte funciara

Land book (civil law)/ Land registry

carte funciara (drept civil)

cartel

Buyer cartel

cartel de cumparatori

Export cartel

cartel de export

Import cartel

cartel de import

Output cartel

cartel de productie

Hub-and-spoke cartel

cartel de tip „hub-and-spoke”

Hard-core cartel

cartel dur

Crisis cartels

cartele de criza

Health insurance fund

casa de asigurari de sanatate

Clearing house

casa de compensare

cash register

casa de inregistrare

Civil marriage

casatorie civila

Cross-border marriage

casatorie transfrontaliera

case law

jurisprudenta

Capital gain

castig de capital

Efficiency gains

castiguri de eficienta

IInd class work category

categoria a ii-a de munca

Bail

cautiune – suma depusa pentru eliberare provizorie

bank security

cautiune bancara

Achmea (2018)

Cauza Achmea – incompatibilitatea arbitrajelor intra-UE cu dreptul UE

Bosman (1995)

Cauza Bosman – libera circulatie a lucratorilor Si transferurile sportive

Brasserie du Pêcheur (1996)

Cauza Brasserie du Pêcheur – extinde raspunderea statului pentru prejudicii cauzate

Carpenter (2002)

Cauza Carpenter – libera prestare a serviciilor Si dreptul la viata de familie

Cassis de Dijon (1979)

Cauza Cassis de Dijon – recunoaStere reciproca Si piata interna

Centros (1999)

Cauza Centros – libertatea de stabilire a societatilor comerciale

Cilfit (1982)

Cauza Cilfit – trimiteri preliminare Si „acte clare”

Coman (2018)

Cauza Coman – recunoaSterea casatoriilor Intre persoane de acelaSi sex In contextul libertatii de circulatie

Commission v. Poland (2019)

Cauza Comisia vs. Polonia – independenta justitiei ca valoare fundamentala a UE

Costa v. ENEL (1964)

Cauza Costa vs. ENEL – consacra suprematia dreptului UE

Daily Mail (1988)

Cauza Daily Mail – limitari privind libertatea de stabilire

Landmark case

Cauza de referinta

Digital Rights Ireland (2014)

Cauza Digital Rights Ireland – protectia vietii private Si retentia datelor

Factortame (1990)

Cauza Factortame – suprematia dreptului UE asupra legislatiei nationale In materie maritima

Foto-Frost (1987)

Cauza Foto-Frost – doar CJUE poate declara nevaliditatea unui act UE

Francovich (1991)

Cauza Francovich – raspunderea statului pentru Incalcarea dreptului UE

Gauweiler (2015)

Cauza Gauweiler – competentele BCE privind politica monetara

Gebhard (1995)

Cauza Gebhard – criterii pentru libertatea de stabilire

Google Spain (2014)

Cauza Google Spain – „dreptul de a fi uitat”

Internationale Handelsgesellschaft (1970)

Cauza Internationale Handelsgesellschaft – primatul dreptului UE asupra constitutiilor nationale

Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (2013)

Cauza Inuit – clarifica notiunea de act legislativ

Kadi (2008)

Cauza Kadi – protectia drepturilor fundamentale In raport cu ONU

Keck and Mithouard (1993)

Cauza Keck – restrictii privind vanzarile Si libera circulatie a marfurilor

Köbler (2003)

Cauza Köbler – raspunderea statului pentru decizii judiciare contrare dreptului UE

Kücükdeveci (2010)

Cauza Kücükdeveci – consolidarea principiului nediscriminarii

Laval (2007)

Cauza Laval – conflict Intre libera circulatie a serviciilor Si dreptul la actiune colectiva

Les Verts (1986)

Cauza Les Verts – recunoasterea statului de drept in cadrul UE

Mangold (2005)

Cauza Mangold – nediscriminarea pe criterii de varsta

Melloni (2013)

Cauza Melloni – suprematia dreptului UE fata de standarde constitutionale nationale

Omega (2004)

Cauza Omega – ordine publica Si libertatea serviciilor

Plaumann (1963)

Cauza Plaumann – criterii pentru calitatea procesuala activa

Pringle (2012)

Cauza Pringle – compatibilitatea Mecanismului European de Stabilitate cu tratatele UE

(the court) proceeded with the hearing without the summoning of the parties

cauza s-a luat fara citarea partilor

Schrems I (2015)

Cauza Schrems I – protectia datelor, invalidarea „Safe Harbor”

Schrems II (2020)

Cauza Schrems II – invalidarea „Privacy Shield”

Simmenthal (1978)

Cauza Simmenthal – obligatia instantelor nationale de a aplica direct dreptul UE

Taricco (2015)

Cauza Taricco – limitari privind prescrierea in materie penala

Cross-border case

Cauza transfrontaliera

Van Gend en Loos (1963)

Cauza Van Gend en Loos – consacra efectul direct

Viking Line (2007)

Cauza Viking Line – echilibrul Intre libertatea de stabilire Si dreptul la greva

Zambrano (2011)

Cauza Zambrano – drepturi fundamentale Si cetatenia UE

Settled cartel case

Caz de cartel solutionat prin tranzactie

event of default

caz de culpa

(Medical) Unforseeable Circumstances, Unforeseen Circumstances / act of God

caz fortuit

criminal record

cazier judiciar

necessary

ce se impun

cheque (UK) / check (US)

cec

convey the (matrimonial) home/execute a quitclaim deed

cedare locuinta

rental and leasing (activities)

cedarea folosintei bunurilor

Grantor

cedent (vanzatorul)

ECHR – European Convention on Human Rights

CEDO – Conventia Europeana a Drepturilor Omului

Best available techniques (BAT)

cele mai bune tehnici disponibile

synoptic (table) /summary

centralizator

International mediation centers

centre internationale de mediere

Arbitration center

centru de arbitraj

detention center

centru de detentie

Halfway house (US)

centru de reintegrare a detinutilor

Logistics hub

centru logistic

National Arbitration Center

centru national de arbitraj

VIAC

Centrul de Arbitraj de la Viena (VIAC)

WIPO Arbitration and Mediation Center

Centrul de arbitraj si mediere WIPO

ICSID

Centrul International pentru Reglementarea Diferendelor relative la Investitii (ICSID)

Censorship

Cenzura

judicial inquiry/ criminal investigation

cercetare judecatoreasca/vs./urmarire penala

pre-trial proceedings/review

cercetarea procesului

to request enforcement of court orders

cere investirecu formexecutorie hotaririlor judecatoresti

Application

cerere

Claim

cerere / pretentie

application for arbitration

cerere chemare in arbitraj

additional application/ additional document to existing application

cerere completatoare

AmE: motion BrE / Oz: application to join / in /an appeal

cerere de aderare la apel

proof of debt (claim)

cerere de admitere a creantei

Patent application

cerere de brevet

summons/ Statement of claim/ Writ of summons

cerere de chemare in judecata, citatie

petition to acknowledge obsolescence

cerere de constatare a perimarii

application/petition for starting bankruptcy procedure

cerere de declansare a procedurii falimentului

Compensation claim

cerere de despagubire

extradition request

cerere de extradare

habeas corpus petition/ writ of habeas corpus

cerere de habeas corpus

Motion for summary judgment

cerere de hotarare sumara

Mediation request

cerere de mediere

Benefit application

cerere de prestatii

rehabilitation petition

cerere de reabilitare

Motion for reconsideration (US)

cerere de reexaminare

(application) for returning the minor

cerere de reincredintare a minorului

motion to withdraw

cerere de renuntare la judecata

Application to dismiss/ Motion to dismiss (US)

cerere de respingere

Application for review (UK/RO)

cerere de revizuire

claim/ application for just satisfaction

cerere de satisfacere echitabila

request for eligible transaction

cerere de tranzactie eligibila

the matter pending before the court

cerere dedusa judecatii

Cross-claim (US)

cerere impotriva unui co-parat

request for annulment

cerere in anulare

Application (UK)/ Motion (US)

cerere incidenta

Interlocutory application

cerere incidentala

Individual application

cerere individuala

Employment tribunal claim

cerere la tribunalul muncii

Environmental permit application

cerere pentru autorizatie de mediu

Petition for custody

cerere pentru custodie

explanatory request

cerere precizatoare

main, ancillary, additional or incidental request/application/petition

cerere principala, accesorie, aditionala sau incidentala

Provisional patent application

cerere provizorie de brevet

compensatory claim

cerere recompensionala

counterclaim

cerere reconventionala

stamped request

cerere timbrata

Frivolous claim

cerere vadit nefondata

applications for approval of the forcible levy of execution

cereri de incuviintare a executarii silite

Setback requirement

cerinta de retragere

Energy efficiency requirements

cerinte de eficienta energetica

Transparency requirements

cerinte de transparenta

Environmental certification

certificare de mediu

Certification of content

certificarea continutului

Certification of website content

certificarea continutului unui site

Certification of date

certificarea datei

Certification of facts

certificarea de fapte

Certification of electronic documents

certificarea documentelor electronice

Notarial certification of identity

certificarea identitatii

Certification of translations

certificarea traducerilor

company certificate / confirmation of company details

certificat constatator

certificate of incorporation

certificat de inregistrare

Tax Registration Certificate

certificat de atestare fiscala

Certificate of heirship

certificat de calitate de mostenitor

Marriage certificate / Marriage license

certificat de casatorie

Environmental compliance certificate

certificat de conformitate de mediu

Death certificate

certificat de deces

Divorce certificate

certificat de divort

Divorce certificate issued by notary

certificat de divort emis de notar

Renewable energy certificate

certificat de energie regenerabila

Certificate of executor of will

certificat de executor testamentar

Completion certificate

certificat de finalizare

certificate of incorporation (UK) / certificate of formation (US)

certificat de inregistrare

certificate of recorded amendments

certificat de inregistrare mentiuni

Certificate of inheritance

certificat de mostenire

Succession certificate/ heir certificate

certificat de mostenitor

Addendum to the Certificate of Inheritance no. .........

certificat de mostenitor suplimentar

Birth certificate

certificat de nastere

certificate of naturalisation

certificat de naturalizare

Occupancy certificate

certificat de ocupare

Certificate of origin

certificat de origine

encumbrance certificate

certificat de sarcini

Certificate of marital status

certificat de stare civila

Urban planning certificate

certificat de urbanism

EUR.1 certificate

Certificat EUR.1 (preferintial)

tax clearance certificate

certificat fiscal

Phytosanitary certificate

certificat fitosanitar

Health certificate / Sanitary certificate

certificat sanitar

Veterinary certificate

certificat veterinar

certificate of incorporation

certificat de inregistrare

assignee

cesionar

Assignment of lease

cesionare de contract de inchiriere

Assignment of receivables

cesionare de creante

Assignment of rights

cesionare de drepturi

Assignment

cesionare, cesiune

restricted transferability

cesiune

Cession of rights

cesiune de drepturi

Citizenship of the Union

cetatenia uniunii

Citizenship

cetatenie

Dual citizenship

cetatenie dubla

challenge

a contesta

Administrative Costs

cheltuieli administrative

Costs of arbitration

cheltuieli arbitrale

Common charges

cheltuieli comune

Costs and expenses/ Court costs/ Judicial costs

cheltuieli de judecata

Service charge

cheltuieli de servicii

Social expenditure

cheltuieli sociale

Costs follow the event (UK)

cheltuielile urmeaza partea cazuta in pretentii

Third-party claim

chemare in garantie

impleaded/impleader

chemat/chemare in garantie

to take legal action / to institute legal proceedings / to sue someone

chemare in judecata

Incidental question

chestiune incidentala

Lessee / tenant

chirias / comodatar

Rent

chirie

Fair market rent

chirie de piata

Economic cycle

ciclu economic

Real estate cycle

ciclu imobiliar

legal channel(s)

circuit legal

administrative circular

circulara administrativa

Capital movement

circulatia capitalurilor

Constituency

circumscriptie electorala

territorial jurisdiction

circumscriptie teritoriala / jurisdictie teritoriala

aggravating circumstances/ aggravating factors

circumstante agravante

Mitigating circumstances / mitigating factors

circumstante atenuante

Exceptional circumstances

circumstante exceptionale

mitigating circumstances that would cancel the criminal aspects of the offense. General Information

circumstantele care inlatura caracterul penal al faptei. aspecte generale.

subpoena (US)

citatie (obliga la prezentare / prezentare probe)

subpoena duces tecum

citatie pentru a aduce documente/probe

subpoena ad testificandum

citatie pentru a depune marturie

recital

citativ

ECJ (European Court of Justice)

CJUE (Curtea de Justitie a Uniunii Europene)

Office building

cladire de birouri

Heritage building

cladire de patrimoniu

Residential building

cladire rezidentiala

Title clearance

clarificare de titlu

to close

clasare

Misclassification

clasificare incorecta

Tariff classification

clasificare tarifara

Romanian Classification of Occupations

Clasificarea Ocupatiilor din Romania

Clause

Clauza

entire agreement clause

clauza „entire agreement”

unfair contract term

clauza abuziva

additional clause

clauza aditionala

Mandatory arbitration clause

clauza arbitrala obligatorie

arbitration clause

clauza compromisorie/ clauza de arbitraj

Contract clause

clauza contractuala

Work contract clause

clauza contractuala

drag-along clause

clauza de „drag-along”

hardship clause

clauza de „hardship”/ de impreviziune

tag-along clause

clauza de „tag-along”

Choice of forum clause

clauza de alegere a forului

Forum Selection Clause

clauza de alegere a instantei

Choice of law clause

clauza de alegere a legii

international arbitration clause

clauza de arbitraj international

assignment clause

clauza de cesiune

confidentiality clause

clauza de confidentialitate

extended confidentiality clause

clauza de confidentialitate extinsa

Exclusivity clause

clauza de exclusivitate

Sunset clause

clauza de expirare

Garden clause (RO practice)

clauza de gradina (echivalent al garden leave)

Termination clause

clauza de incetare

jurisdiction clause

clauza de jurisdictie

Environmental clause

clauza de mediu

Mobility clause

clauza de mobilitate

Non-solicitation clause

clauza de nechemare a clientilor/angajatilor

non-compete clause

clauza de neconcurenta

Non-disparagement clause

clauza de nedefaimare

Opt-out

clauza de neparticipare

notice clause

clauza de notificare

Price parity clause

clauza de paritate a pretului

penalty clause (UK) / liquidated damages clause (US)

clauza de penalitate

preciput clause

clauza de preciput

Probation clause

clauza de proba

Golden parachute

clauza de protectie financiara pentru directori la concediere

Renegotiation clause

clauza de renegociere

Withdrawal clause (Brexit example, Art. 50 TEU)

clauza de retragere (ex. Tratatul UE, Brexit)

safeguard clause

clauza de salvgardare

severability clause

clauza de separabilitate

joint and several liability clause

clauza de solidaritate

Dispute settlement clause

clauza de solutionare a diferendelor

stability clause

clauza de stabilitate

Stabilization clause

clauza de stabilizare

subrogation clause

clauza de subrogare

risk allocation clause

clauza de transfer al riscului

risk transfer clause

clauza de transfer de risc

Enforcement clause

clauza executorie

Federal clause

clauza federala

Federal clause (common in US treaties)

clauza federala (aplicarea tratatului in statele federale)

force majeure clause

clauza forta majora

Moonlighting clause

clauza impotriva cumulului de functii

Multi-tier clause

clauza multi-etapa

Most-favoured-nation clause (MFN)

clauza natiunea cea mai favorizata

Necessary and Proper Clause

clauza necesar si adecvat

Penalty clause

clauza penala

Commerce Clause

clauza privind comertul

Human rights clause

clauza privind drepturile omului

Equal Protection Clause

clauza privind egalitatea

Severance clause

clauza privind indemnizatia de concediere

Governing Law Clause

clauza privind legea aplicabila

Free Exercise Clause

clauza privind libertatea religioasa

Establishment Clause

clauza privind religia de stat

Reservations clause

clauza privind rezervele

Covenant

clauza restrictiva asupra proprietatii

Social clause

clauza sociala

Supremacy Clause

clauza suprematiei

Cod Numeric Personal - Personal Identification Number / Personal Identification Code/National Identification Number/Social Security Number (US)

CNP

Co-Arbitrator

co-arbitru

Civil code

cod civil

commercial code

cod comercial

Code of conduct

cod de conduita

Building code

cod de constructie

Code of Ethics

cod de etica

civil procedure code

cod de procedura civila

tax code / fiscal code

cod fiscal

HS Code (Harmonized System)

Cod HS (Sistem armonizat)

criminal code

cod penal

Civil Procedure Code

Cod procedura civila

Criminal Procedure Code

Cod procedura penala

National codification

Codificare nationala

Uniform Commercial Code (UCC)

Codul Comercial Uniform (SUA)

Family Code

Codul Familiei

Labour Code (RO)

Codul muncii

UCC (Union Customs Code) – EU

Codul Vamal al Uniunii

Codes of conduct

Coduri de conduita

Floor area ratio (FAR)

coeficient de utilizare a terenului

Consistency

coerenta

Social cohesion

coeziune sociala

co-defendant

co-inculpat

Collateral

colateral, garantie

Contribution collection

colectare de contributii

Evidence gathering

colectarea probelor

Colleague

coleg de munca

Panel of Arbitrators

colegiu arbitral

Collusion

coluziune

Algorithmic collusion

coluziune algoritmica

Tacit collusion

coluziune tacita

Land consolidation

comasare de terenuri

fight against

combate

Anti-counterfeiting

combaterea contrafacerii

CFT (Counter Financing of Terrorism)

combaterea finantarii terorismului

Anti-piracy

combaterea pirateriei

Fossil fuels

combustibili fosili

General comment

comentariu general

trader (UK) / merchant (US)

comerciant

Carbon trading

comert cu emisii de carbon

e-commerce

comert electronic

External trade

comert exterior

Cross-border trade

comert transfrontalier

CIETAC

Comisia Chineza de Arbitraj Economic si Comercial International

judicial commission

comisia de jurisdictie a imputatiilor

Electoral Commission

Comisia Electorala

European Commission

Comisia Europeana

European Commission (DG Environment)

Comisia Europeana (DG Mediu)

Federal Trade Commission (FTC)

Comisia Federala pentru Comert

Federal Communications Commission (FCC)

Comisia Federala pentru Comunicatii

Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC)

Comisia pentru egalitate in munca

Equality and Human Rights Commission (UK)

Comisia pentru Egalitate si Drepturile Omului (UK)

Civil Service Commission

Comisia pentru Functia Publica

Public Service Commission

Comisia pentru Serviciul Public

Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC)

Comisia pentru Valori Mobiliare

SEC

Comisia pentru valori mobiliare (SEC – SUA)

Committee of Inquiry

comisie de ancheta

Customs appeal board

comisie de contestatii vamale

Disciplinary committee

comisie de disciplina

parole board

comisie de eliberare conditionata

ethics committee

comisie de etica

regulatory commission

comisie de reglementare

Commission appointed by the Prime Minister by Decision no.

comisie numita prin decizia primului ministru

Parliamentary Committee

comisie parlamentara

Rogatory Letters

comisie rogatorie

international letter rogatory

comisie rogatorie internationala

commission

comision

Customs broker

comisionar vamal

Licensed customs broker

comisionar vamal autorizat

International comity

comitas gentium

audit committee

comitet de audit

Conciliation committee

comitet de conciliere

Social dialogue committee

comitet de dialog social

steering committee

comitet de pilotaj

Dispute Boards

comitete de solutionare a disputelor

ILO Committee of Experts

Comitetul de Experti al OIM

Basel Committee on Banking Supervision

Comitetul de la Basel pentru supraveghere bancara

European Economic and Social Committee (EESC)

Comitetul Economic Si Social European

Social Rights Committee (Council of Europe)

Comitetul European pentru Drepturi Sociale

Committee of Ministers

Comitetul Ministrilor

Human Rights Committee (UN)

Comitetul ONU pentru Drepturile Omului

OECD Competition Committee

Comitetul pentru Concurenta al OCDE

Committee of the Regions

Comitetul Regiunilor

committals

bailer, bailee

comodant, comodatara

Free lease / commodatum

comodat

company GB, corporation US

compania GB, corporatia SUA

deregistered

compania s-a radiat

company (UK) / corporation (US)

companie

listed company (UK) / publicly traded corporation (US)

companie listata

parent company

companie mama

multinational corporation

companie multinationala

offshore company

companie off-shore

state owned enterprises and corporations

companii si societati nationale

Clearing / set-off

compensare

offset of receivables

compensare de creante

Biodiversity offset

compensare pentru pierderi de biodiversitate

Mitigation banking

compensare prin proiecte de mediu

Golden handshake

compensatie financiara mare la plecare

Equity compensation

compensatie in actiuni

Competence

competenta

administrative competence

competenta administrativa

Jurisdiction of the CJEU

competenta CJUE

External competence

competenta externa

Competence ratione materiae

competenta materiala

Competence of Mediator

competenta mediatorului

Competence ratione personae

competenta personala

Competence ratione loci

competenta teritoriala

Jurisdiction of tribunal

competenta tribunalului

Jurisdiction

competenta/ jurisdictie

Skills

competente

complainant

reclamanta

Bench / Panel of judges

complet de judecata

Bench XXX - Court of First Instance

Complet XXX-Fond

Accessory/ accomplice

Complice – persoana care ajuta la comiterea infractiunii

Accessory before/after the fact

complice inainte / dupa savarsirea faptei

Composition of tribunal

componenta tribunalului

Disorderly conduct

comportament scandalos / tulburarea linistii publice

Composting

compostare

Margin squeeze

compresie a marjei

Compromis

compromis (acord separat pentru arbitraj)

Compromis (special arbitration agreement)

compromis (conventie speciala)

Statement of objections

comunicare a obiectiilor

Notice of decision made in Civil Divisional Chambers

comunicare hotarare camera consiliu civila

Leniency notice

comunicare privind clementa

Market definition notice

comunicare privind definirea pietei

Settlement notice

comunicare privind tranzactiile

Service of process

comunicarea actelor de procedura

International service of process

comunicarea actelor in strainatate

Communication to the public

comunicarea catre public

Notification/notice of judicial civil ruling

comunicarea hotararii civile

service of warrant

comunicarea mandatului

Confidential communications

comunicatii confidentiale

statutory community/joint ownership of (marital) property

comunitate legala de proprietate

conventional community

comunitatea conventionala

commutation of sentence

comutarea pedepsei

Dismissal

concediere

Unfair dismissal (UK)

concediere abuziva

Collective dismissal

concediere colectiva

Collective redundancy

concediere colectiva

Dismissal for cause

concediere disciplinara

Constructive dismissal

concediere indirecta (demisie fortata)

Individual dismissal

concediere individuala

Wrongful dismissal (US/UK)

concediere nelegala

Redundancy (UK)

concediere pentru desfiintarea postului

Layoff (US)/ Redundancy

concediere pentru motive economice

Voluntary redundancy

concediere voluntara / plecare voluntara

Annual leave

concediu anual

Maternity leave

concediu de maternitate

Paternity leave

concediu de paternitate

Unpaid leave

concediu fara plata

Sick leave

concediu medical

Parental leave

concediu parental

Adoption leave

concediu pentru adoptie

Bereavement leave

concediu pentru deces in familie

Care leave

concediu pentru ingrijire

Care leave/ Childcare leave

concediu pentru ingrijirea copilului / rudelor

parental leave for children under 2 years old

concediu pentru ingrijirea copilului in varsta de pana la 2 ani

Compassionate leave

concediu pentru motive familiale grave

Paid leave

concediu platit

Garden leave (UK)

concediu platit pana la incetarea contractului (fara munca efectiva)

Market concentration

concentrare de piata

Concentration

concentrare economica

concession

concesiune

Conciliation

conciliere

Notarial conciliation

conciliere notariala

pre-trial mediation/arbitration

conciliere prejudecatoreasca

Closing submissions

concluzii finale

conclusions on the merits of the case

concluzii pe fond

Written submissions

concluzii scrise, note scrise

arrangement with creditors

concordat preventiv

Open competition

concurenta deschisa

Actual competition

concurenta efectiva

Fair competition

concurenta loiala

unfair competition

concurenta neloiala

Passing off

concurenta neloiala prin confuzie

Potential competition

concurenta potentiala

Residual competition

concurenta reziduala

up to the concurrent coverage of the insured amount

concurenta sumei asigurate

Cross-border competition

concurenta transfrontaliera

Workable competition

concurenta viabila

concurrence of wills

concurs de vointe

to assist enforcement of/ to assist in the execution of / to provide help for executing

concurs la executare

Conviction

condamnare – hotararea prin care inculpatul este gasit vinovat

Wrongful conviction

condamnare nedreapta

Criminal conviction

condamnare penala

double criminality (condition)

conditia dublei incriminari

formal requirement

conditie de forma

deemed as being met

conditie reputata ca indeplinita

Permit conditions

conditii de autorizare

Detention conditions/ Prison conditions

conditii de detentie

Eligibility conditions

conditii de eligibilitate

probation conditions

conditii de probatiune

FRAND terms (Fair, Reasonable and Non-Discriminatory)

Conditii FRAND pentru licentiere

substantive conditions / requirements

conditiile de fond

substantive and formal issues

conditiile de fond si forma

Tying

conditionare

Condominium

condominiu (apartament in coproprietate)

DUI (Driving Under Influence)

conducere sub influenta alcoolului/drogurilor

Misconduct

conduita necorespunzatoare

Parallel conduct

conduita paralela

Joinder of actions

conexarea cauzelor

Consolidation of cases

conexarea dosarelor

Case management conference

conferinta de administrare a cazului

Hague Conference on Private International Law

Conferinta de la Haga de Drept International Privat

Conference of the Parties

Conferinta Partilor

Settlement conference (US)

conferinta pentru solutionare amiabila

Pre-trial conference

conferinta pregatitoare

confidentiality

confidentialitate

Attorney–client privilege

confidentialitatea avocat–client

endorsement by stamping

confirmare prin stampilare

Confiscation

confiscare

Confiscation of goods

confiscare bunuri

Seizure of counterfeit goods

confiscarea produselor contrafacute

Collective labour dispute

conflict colectiv de munca

Conflict of Interest

conflict de interese

Jurisdictional conflict

conflict de jurisdictie

conflict of laws

conflict de legi

Conflict of treaties

conflict de tratate

Individual labour dispute

conflict individual de munca

Successive treaties conflict (VCLT Art. 30)

conflict intre tratate succesive

Normative conflict

conflict normativ

wage disputes

conflicte de munca privind salariile, dispute salariale

State compliance

conformarea statului

compliance

conformitate

AML compliance

conformitate anti-spalare de bani

regulatory compliance

conformitate cu reglementarile

tax compliance

conformitate fiscala

legal compliance

conformitate legala

Convention compliance

conformitatea cu conventia

confusion of rights / merger of rights

confuziune

Congress

congres

to define

consacra (un termen intr-o lege)

Conservation

conservare

Energy conservation

conservarea energiei

Preservation of evidence

conservarea probelor

consignment

consignatie

Legal adviser

consilier juridic

in house counsel

consilier juridic - firma

senior medical advisor

consilier superior

Interlocking directorates

consilii de administratie interconectate

Local Councils

consilii locale

Work council (EU/DE)

consiliu al angajatilor

board of directors

consiliu de administratie

Appeals board

consiliu de apel

management board

consiliu de conducere

national security council

consiliu de securitate nationala

supervisory board (UK/EU)

consiliu de supraveghere

Labour board (US)

consiliu pentru relatii de munca

transport safety board

consiliu pentru siguranta transporturilor

Competition Council

Consiliul Concurentei

Mediation Council

Consiliul de Mediere

Security Council

Consiliul de Securitate

European Council

Consiliul European

Council of Europe

Consiliul Europei

State Social Insurance Fund Board

Consiliul Fondului pentru Asigurari Sociale de Stat

County Council

consiliul judetean

Workers’ council (DE/EU)

Consiliul lucratorilor

National Audiovisual Council (CNA)

Consiliul National al Audiovizualului

National Council for Combating Discrimination (CNCD)

Consiliul National pentru Combaterea Discriminarii

National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)

Consiliul National pentru Relatii de Munca

National Labor Relations Board – NLRB (US)

Consiliul National pentru Relatii de Munca (US)

Financial Stability Board (FSB)

Consiliul pentru Stabilitate Financiara

supreme council of magistracy (RO)

Consiliul Superior al Magistraturii

Superior Council of Magistracy

Consiliul Superior al Magistraturii

Council of the EU

Consiliul Uniunii Europene

Consent

consimtamant

Consent to be bound

consimtamant de a fi legat

Consent to marriage

consimtamant la casatorie

Parental consent

consimtamant parental

Acquiescence

consimtamant tacit

Consent of the Parties

consimtamantul partilor

Consolidation

consolidare

Consolidation of Proceedings

consolidarea procedurilor

Conspiracy (US/UK)

conspiratie – intelegere pentru a comite o infractiune

while finding the case pending before the court of law

constandandu-se cauza in stare de judecata

acknowledge the dissolution

constat desfacuta

establish ( by a report)/ verification of facts ( acts)

constata

Holds that the claim is well-founded and shall be approved

constata ca cererea este intemeiata si urmeaza sa fie admisa

finding that

constatand ca

amicable car/auto accident settlement

constatare amiabila a accidentului

judicial finding

constatare judiciara

Environmental awareness

constientizare ecologica

to establish security interests in personal and real property

constitui garantii mobiliare si imobiliare

founding, incorporation

constituire

bring a civil action in the criminal proceedings

constituire ca parte civila

convene an appeals panel

constituire in complet de recurs

initial establishment of the Local Council

constituirea consiliului local

establishment and operation of limited liability companies

constituirea si functionarea societatii cu raspundere limitata

US Constitution

constitutia statelor unite

Constitution

constitutie

Constitutionality

constitutionalitate

duress

constrangere

Coercion of a representative

constrangerea unui reprezentant

Coercion of a state by threat or use of force

constrangerea unui stat prin amenintare sau folosirea fortei

Build-to-suit

constructie la comanda

Build-to-rent

constructie pentru inchiriere

BOOT (Build-Own-Operate-Transfer)

constructie–detinere–operare–transfer

BOT (Build-Operate-Transfer)

constructie–operare–transfer

tax advisor

consultant fiscal

legal counsel / solicitor

consultant juridic

Notarial legal advice

consultanta notariala

Stakeholder consultation

consultarea partilor interesate

Sustainable consumption

consum sustenabil

consumer

consumator

Current account

cont curent (plati)

current account (UK) / checking account (US)

cont curent bancar

Capital account

cont de capital

Escrow

cont de garantie (escrow)/ cont fiduciar

Fiscal year closing report

cont de incheiere a exercitiului bugetar

Income Statement

cont de profit si pierdere

profit and loss account / US profit and loss statement / income statement

cont de profit si pierdere / declaratie de profit si pierdere din SUA / declaratie de profit

escrow account

cont escrow

financial accounting

contabilitate financiara

Contagion

contagiune

Soil contamination

contaminarea solului

constitutional challenge

contestare constitutionala

Appeal against notarial refusal

contestatie impotriva refuzului notarial

appeal against detention

contestatie la arest

Appeal against enforcement or levy of execution / challenge on enforcement

contestatie la executare

Appeal against foreclosure. Wording of Decision.

contestatie la executare completare dispozitiv

Customs appeal

contestatie vamala

claimant in (judicial) review proceedings / appellant

contestator

Context

context

Contingency

contingenta (situatie asigurata)

sett forth

continua

Continuation of notarial procedure

continuarea procedurii notariale

User-generated content (UGC)

continut generat de utilizatori

convoluted

contorsionat

convoluted

contorsionat

for a fee

contra cost

Smuggling

contrabanda

contract

administrative contract

contract administrativ

Collective Agreement/ Collective labour agreement

contract colectiv de munca

International commercial contract

contract comercial international

Full-time contract

contract cu norma intreaga

Part-time contract

contract cu timp partial

Zero-hour contract (UK)

contract cu zero ore (fara garantarea unui numar minim de ore)

agency agreement/ contract

contract de agentie

farm lease agreement

contract de arenda

Crop-sharing agreement

contract de arenda in natura

insurance policy

contract de asigurare

optional insurance contract

contract de asigurare facultativa

barter contract

contract de barter

receivables assignment agreement

contract de cesiune de creanta

cloud computing agreement

contract de cloud computing

commission contract

contract de comision

Free lease agreement/ loan for use contract

contract de comodat

concession agreement

contract de concesiune

consignment agreement

contract de consignatie

Construction agreement/ Construction contract

contract de constructie

credit agreement

contract de credit

deposit agreement

contract de depozit

bank deposit agreement

contract de depozit bancar

distribution agreement

contract de distributie

Exclusive distribution agreement

contract de distributie exclusiva

escrow agreement

contract de escrow

forwarding contract

contract de expeditie

factoring agreement

contract de factoring

non-reimbursable financing agreement

contract de finantare nerambursabila

franchise agreement

contract de franciza

supply contract

contract de furnizare

engineering, procurement and construction contract (EPC)

contract de furnizare si executie

Pledge deed

contract de gaj

pledge of tangible assets as collateral

contract de garantie reala mobiliara

loan agreement

contract de imprumut

gratuitous loan/commodatum

contract de imprumut de folosinta cu titlu gratuit

lease agreement / rental agreement

contract de inchiriere

Triple net lease

contract de inchiriere „triple net” (taxe, asigurari, intretinere platite de chirias)

Fixed-term lease

contract de inchiriere pe durata determinata

Lifetime maintenance deed

contract de intretinere

Mortgage deed

contract de ipoteca

mortgage agreement

contract de ipoteca

joint venture agreement

contract de joint venture

know-how agreement

contract de know-how

leasing agreement / finance lease

contract de leasing

Lease-purchase agreement

contract de leasing imobiliar

license agreement

contract de licenta

Licensing Agreement (Software)

contract de licenta software

Licensing agreement

contract de licenta/ acord de licentiere

mandate contract / power of attorney agreement

contract de mandat

maintenance agreement

contract de mentenanta

option contract

contract de optiune

service agreement/ Service contract

contract de prestari servicii

design services contract

contract de proiectare

public services agreement

contract de public services

advertising contract

contract de publicitate

partnership agreement / articles of association

contract de societate

Software as a Service (SaaS) agreement

contract de software ca serviciu

sponsorship agreement

contract de sponsorizare

subcontracting agreement

contract de subcontractare

carriage contract / transport contract

contract de transport

settlement contract

contract de tranzactie

sale and purchase agreement (SPA)

contract de vanzare-cumparare

Sale-purchase notarial deed

contract de vanzare-cumparare autentic

Design-build contract

contract design–build

Future

contract futures

Employment contract

contract individual de munca

Smart Contract

contract inteligent

International sales contract

contract international de vanzare

Fixed-term contract

contract pe durata determinata

Permanent contract

contract pe durata nedeterminata

framework agreement / master agreement

contract-cadru

Smart IP contracts

contracte inteligente pentru PI

International Sale of Goods Contracts

contractul comercial international de vanzare - cumparare

sale agreement with life interest in the property for the selling party

contractul de instrainare a bunului cu intretinerea pe viata

the agreement shall terminate ipso jure

contractul inceteaza de drept

International contract of commercial mandate

contractul international de mandat comercial

audi alteram partem

contradictorialitate

counter-evidence / conflicting evidence / disproof

contradovada

Counterfeiting

contrafacere (moneda, produse)

secret agreement

contrainscris

Cross-examination

contra-interogatoriu (de catre partea adversa)

Countermeasures

contramasuri

counterperformance

contraprestatie

sharp contrast

contrastul puternic

minor offence (UK) / misdemeanor (US)/ offence

contraventie

contravention, crime / infraction, misdemeanor / offence, crime

contraventie, infractiune

Pension contribution

contributie la pensie

Social security contributions

contributii de asigurari sociale

Phytosanitary controls

controale fitosanitare

Brexit customs controls

controale vamale post-Brexit

Veterinary controls

controale veterinare

oversight

control / supraveghere

Constitutional Court review

control constitutional

Judicial review

control constitutional

Scanner control

control cu scanner

(actions/system) of current or targeted inspection

control curent sau tematic

Ex ante control

control ex-ante

tax audit

control fiscal

Physical inspection

control fizic

judicial control (RO)

control judiciar

Judicial review (limited)

control judiciar (limitat)

Judicial review of social benefits

control judiciar al prestatiilor sociale

Checks and balances

control si echilibru intre puteri

Customs control

control vamal

Passenger baggage control

controlul bagajelor de pasageri

Density control

controlul densitatii

Pretrial (monitored) conditional release

controlul judiciar

lawfulness of detention review

controlul legalitatii arestarii

Port state control

controlul statului portului

Exchange controls

controlul valutar

frozen accounts

conturi blocate

Aarhus Convention

Conventia de la Aarhus

Basel Convention

Conventia de la Basel

Berne Convention

Conventia de la Berna

Hague Convention 1980

Conventia de la Haga 1980

Hague Service Convention

Conventia de la Haga privind notificarea actelor

Hague Evidence Convention

Conventia de la Haga privind obtinerea probelor

Lugano Convention

Conventia de la Lugano

New York Convention

Conventia de la New York (1958)

New York Convention on Arbitral Awards

Conventia de la New York privind hotararile arbitrale

Paris Convention

Conventia de la Paris

Singapore Convention on Mediation

Conventia de la Singapore privind medierea

Stockholm Convention

Conventia de la Stockholm

CISG (Vienna Convention)

Conventia de la Viena (CISG)

Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties (VCLT)

Conventia de la Viena privind Dreptul Tratatelor

European Convention on Human Rights (ECHR)

Conventia Europeana a Drepturilor Omului

ICSID Convention

Conventia ICSID

Torture Convention

Conventia impotriva Torturii

Genocide Convention

Conventia privind Genocidul

Refugee Convention (1951)

Conventia privind refugiatii (1951)

Convention

conventie

Convention (UN/EU terminology)

Conventie (ex. Vienna Convention, European Convention on Human Rights)

Agreement to arbitrate/ Arbitration Agreement

conventie arbitrala

Arbitration agreement authenticated by notary

conventie arbitrala autentificata

Arbitration agreement in writing

conventie arbitrala scrisa

collective bargaining agreement

conventie colectiva

Double Taxation Treaty

conventie de evitare a dublei impuneri

real estate brokerage, lease and presentation agreement

conventie de intermediere inchiriere si prezentare imobile

Vienna Convention on Contracts for the International Sale of Goods (CISG)

conventie de la Viena

Marriage agreement (prenuptial)

conventie matrimoniala

ILO Convention

Conventie OIM

UN Convention

conventie ONU

Agreement on matrimonial regime

conventie privind regimul matrimonial

Framework convention

conventie-cadru

Hague Conventions

conventiile de la Haga

digitisation (of a Land Register record)

conversie (carte funciara)

scanned copy/soft copy

conversie de pe hartie

compelling

convingator

Invitation to (Direct) Conciliation

convocare la conciliere (directa)

Administrative cooperation

cooperare administrativa

International cooperation

cooperare internationala

Judicial cooperation

cooperare judiciara

Judicial cooperation in civil matters

cooperare judiciara in materie civila

Judicial cooperation in criminal matters

cooperare judiciara in materie penala

cross-border cooperation

cooperare transfrontaliera

Customs cooperation

cooperare vamala

cooperative society

cooperativa

Europol coordination

coordonare Europol

Tacit coordination

coordonare tacita

Price coordination

coordonarea preturilor

Coordination of social security systems

coordonarea sistemelor de securitate sociala

Certified true copy

copie certificata conform cu originalul

Certified copy

copie legalizata

Copayment

coplata

Co-ownership

coproprietate

Joint tenancy

coproprietate comuna cu drept de supravietuire/ proprietatea comuna, fortata si perpetua

forced co-ownership

coproprietate fortata

Tenancy in common

coproprietate in devalmasie

(in) beneficial (joint) ownership/joint tenancy

coproprietatii devalmase

blunt object

corp contondent

corporation (US)

corporatie

Corruption of a representative

coruperea unui reprezentant

Corruption

coruptie – categorie de infractiuni privind functionari publici

Co-signer

cosemnatar

Cost, Insurance & Freight (CIF)

Cost, asigurare si navlu (CIF)

Settlement costs

costuri de inchidere

transaction costs

costuri de tranzactie

Arbitration costs

costurile arbitrajului

Quota

cota (de import/export)

Leasing quota in %

cota de leasing in %

market share

cota de piata

interest in land

cota de teren

share of the estate

cota succesorala

Tariff quota

cota tarifara

disposable portion (of the estate)

cotitate disponibila

Assessment

cotizatie de intretinere, evaluare

set / kit

cpl.

CPR Institute

receivable

creanta

debt that is uncontested, liquid, and enforceable against the company

,creanta certa, lichida si exigibila

unsecured loan

creanta chirografara, Imprumut negarantat

Market maker

creator de piata

commercial credit / trade credit

credit comercial

consumer credit

credit de consum

mortgage loan

credit ipotecar

commercial mortgage

credit ipotecar comercial

Non-performing loan (NPL)

credit neperformant

creditor

unsecured creditor

creditor chirografar

Mortgage lender

creditor ipotecar

Judgment creditor

creditor urmaritor

Customs creditor

creditor vamal

Bridge loan

credit-punte

Sustainable growth

crestere sustenabila

salary/pay scale increase

cresterea diferentiata a salariilor

Murder

crima – omor cu intentie

Racketeering (US)

Crima organizata / extorcare (ex RICO Act)

War crimes

crime de razboi

Criminal Proceedings

procesul penal

Blue-collar crime

criminalitate clasica – furturi, talharii, violente

White-collar crime

criminalitate economica/ „guler alb” – fraude, evaziune fiscala, coruptie (fara violenta)

Cybercrime

criminalitate informatica

Organized crime

criminalitate organizata – grupuri criminale structurate

Cryptocurrency

criptomoneda

Convergence criteria

criterii de convergenta

Monetary union convergence criteria

criterii de convergenta monetara

Copenhagen criteria

Criteriile de la Copenhaga

statutory criteria

criteriile statutare

Housing shortage

criza de locuinte

Financial crisis

criza financiara

interogatoriul incrucisat

cross-examination

Crowdfunding

crowdfunding (finantare participativa)

an appeal lies against this decision

cu apel

The ancillary cause of action/count/claim is subject to appeal

cu apel pe capatul accesoriu

combined with/ (together) with the application of (Section...)

cu aplicarea

... New Criminal Procedure Code with statutory/imposed suspension of (certain) rights.

cu aplicarea pedepsei

duly empowered

cu delegatie la dosar

appointed with full powers/authority; duly

cu depline puteri

legally binding

cu forta juridica

In connection with/with respect to the criminal prosecution in this case

cu ocazia actelor de urmarire penala efectuate in cauza...

clerk to court ( insert name here)

cu participarea...

(as) indemnification

cu titlu de despagubire

prevailing fault

culpa determinanta

Arbitration Culture

cultura arbitrajului

Compliance culture

cultura de conformitate

Mediation Culture

cultura medierii

buyer / purchaser

cumparator

Grantee

cumparator / dobanditor

concurrent positions

cumul de functii

cumulative sentencing system with mandatory penalty increase

cumulul juridic cu spor obligatoriu si fix

Know Your Customer (KYC)

cunoaste-ti clientul (KYC)

Traditional knowledge

cunostinte traditionale

Coupon

cupon

Curatorship

curatela

Curator

curator

Basic First Aid and CPR Training

curs de prim ajutor de baza si asistenta de urgenta in echipa

Higher court of appeal

curte de apel

appellate court, court of appeals, appeals court

curte de apel, curte de apel, curte de apel

arbitration court / arbitral tribunal

curte de arbitraj

federal court (US)

curte federala

Regional human rights court

curte regionala pentru drepturile omului

Court of International Trade (US)

Curtea Comertului International (SUA)

the Court acknowledges the case to be in judicial phase and starts hearings

curtea considera cauza in stare de judecata si acorda cuvantul pentru dezbateri

Constitutional Court (RO)

Curtea Constitutionala

Court of Appeal

Curtea de Apel

Court of Arbitration

Curtea de arbitraj

Arbitration Center Romania

Curtea de Arbitraj Comercial International din Romania

LCIA (London Court of International Arbitration)

Curtea de Arbitraj International de la Londra

Court of cassation (RO/FR)

Curtea de Casatie

Court of Accounts

Curtea de Conturi

Court of Auditors

Camera auditorilor

Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU)

Curtea de Justitie a Uniunii Europene

Court of Complaints and Disciplinary Committee

Curtea de Reclamatii si Comitetul Disciplinar

European Court of Human Rights (ECHR)

Curtea Europeana a Drepturilor Omului (CEDO) – judeca incalcari legate de drepturile omului, inclusiv in cauze penale

International Court of Arbitration (ICC)

Curtea Internationala de Arbitraj (ICC)

International Court of Justice (ICJ)

Curtea Internationala de Justitie

International Criminal Court (ICC)

Curtea Penala Internationala

Permanent Court of Arbitration

Curtea Permanenta de Arbitraj

high court / supreme court

Curtea suprema

Supreme Court (UK/US)

Curtea Suprema – instanta de recurs final

Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS)

Curtea Suprema a SUA

Custody

custodie / detentie – retinerea unei persoane

Child custody

custodie asupra copilului

High conflict custody

custodie cu conflict major

Sole custody

custodie exclusiva

Legal custody

custodie legala

Interim custody

custodie provizorie

Constitutional convention

cutuma constitutionala

Quorum

cvorum

Cybersquatting

cybersquatting (inregistrare abuziva)

traced/be on the register of traced vehicles

dat in urmarire

due date / maturity date

data scadenta

Sovereign debt

datorie suverana

Customs debt

datorie vamala

on loan for use

dau cu titlul de imprumut de folosinta

I hereby declare

dau prezenta declaratie

compensatory damages

daune compensatorii

Environmental damages

daune de mediu/ prejudiciu de mediu

non-material or non-economic losses

daune morale

moral/ material prejudice

daune morale/ materiale

punitive damages (US only)

daune punitive

damages

daune-interese

to obey a subpoena

dcurs unei citatii

to show (convincing) evidence of reformed character

a arăta dovezi (convingătoare) ale unui caracter reformat

auspicious

de bun augur

which it is required to make/give...

de care este tinut

automatically (adv.); de jure (adj.)

de drept

communal

de folosinta comuna

deceased... left the following...

de pe urma defunctului

of full jurisdiction

de plina jurisdictie

dealer

annuity debtor

debirentier

(the) fee payment

debitarea taxei

debtor

debitor

assigned debtor

debitor cedat

secured debtor

debitor garantat

mortgagor/ mortgage debtor/ borrower

debitor ipotecar

unsecured debtor

debitor negarantat

Solidary debtor

debitor solidar

Judgment debtor

debitor urmarit

Customs debtor

debitor vamal

Laches (US doctrine)

decadere prin neglijenta

Deprivation of parental rights

decaderea din drepturile parintesti

Decarbonisation

decarbonizare

decision of joint liability

decizia de atragere a raspunderii

Decision

decizie

Supreme Court ruling

decizie a Curtii Supreme

administrative decision

decizie administrativa

Advance ruling

decizie anticipata

Advance ruling on origin

decizie anticipata privind originea

decision subject to appeal in higher court or in trial court

decizie atacabila cu recurs sau in prima instanta

Constitutional judgment

decizie constitutionala

public procurement decision

decizie de achizitie publica

Commitment decision

decizie de angajamente

Clearance decision

decizie de autorizare

Quash judgment/order to quash

decizie de casare

Infringement decision

decizie de constatare a incalcarii

Prohibition decision

decizie de interzicere

appointment confirmation decision

decizie de recunoastere in functiune

decision in regard to the rejection of the petition to oppose

decizie de respingere a opozitiei

Settlement decision

decizie de tranzactie

decision enforceable as of right/de jure

decizie executorie de drept

Interpretative ruling

decizie interpretativa

Majority Decision

decizie majoritara

Binding decision

decizie obligatorie

Commitments decision

decizie prin angajamente

I hereby state that I agree to undertake my position as a manager.

declar ca sunt de acord sa imi asum functia de manager

granting city status

declarare ca oras (lege)

Plea of guilty / not guilty

declarare vinovatie / nevinovatie

declaration of the registered (head) office

declararea sediului scoial

Opening statement

declaratia de deschidere a procesului

Declaration of Independence

declaratia de independenta

Rio Declaration

Declaratia de la Rio

Bill of Rights (1689)

Declaratia Drepturilor (1689)

Eyewitness testimony

declaratia martorului ocular

Declaration

declaratie

Declaration (EU/UN often)

declaratie (poate clarifica interpretarea, fara a limita aplicarea)

Plea

declaratie a inculpatului (vinovat / nevinovat)

victim impact statement

declaratie a victimei privind impactul infractiunii

Notarial affidavit

declaratie autentica notariala

Joint declaration

declaratie comuna

Confidential submission

declaratie confidentiala

Condominium declaration

declaratie de condominiu

declaration of conformity

declaratie de conformitate

Statement of consent

declaratie de consimtamant

Export declaration

declaratie de export

Import declaration

declaratie de import

Declaration of incompatibility

declaratie de incompatibilitate

declaration of intent

declaratie de intentie

Witness statement

declaratie de martor

affidavit of identity, same name affidavit

declaratie de notorietate

declaration of good repute/good conduct

declaratie de onorabilitate comerciala

Statement on origin

declaratie de origine

policy statement

declaratie de politica

Statement of refusal

declaratie de refuz

Importer Security Filing (10+2, US)

Declaratie de securitate a importatorului (SUA)

Safety and Security Declaration (EU ENS)

Declaratie de siguranta si securitate (UE)

Settlement submission

declaratie de tranzactie

Transit declaration

declaratie de tranzit

hearsay statement

declaratie din auzite

Electronic declaration

declaratie electronica

False declaration/ testimony

declaratie falsa

A notarial declaration/deposition is hereby sworn/issued

declaratie notariala

Sworn affidavit

declaratie notariala sub juramant

Solemn declaration

declaratie pe propria raspundere

Affidavit (UK/US)

declaratie pe propria raspundere (notariala)

affidavit, statement

declaratie pe propria raspundere, declaratie

affidavit

declaratie pe proprie raspundere sub juramant

Dangerous goods declaration

declaratie pentru marfuri periculoase

Simplified declaration

declaratie simplificata

Sworn statement

declaratie sub juramant

Supplementary declaration

declaratie suplimentara

Customs declaration

declaratie vamala

statements and commitments/obligations

declaratii si angajamente

Declining jurisdiction

declinare de competenta

disconcertingly

deconcertant

expense report

decont

Decree

decret

Custody decree

decret de custodie

Emergency decree

decret de urgenta

Law Decree

decret-lege

Tax Deductible

deducere fiscala

cost breakdown

defalcare costuri

Title defect

defect de titlu

render effective/ confer effectiveness on

deficient

shortcoming

deficienta

impairment

deficiente

Trade deficit

deficit comercial

Democratic deficit

deficit democratic

Fiscal deficit

deficit fiscal

Deflation

deflatie

Deforestation

deforestare

Embezzlement

delapidare – insusirea banilor gestionati legal

Delegation

delegare

Secondment

delegare / detasare

delegation of powers

delegare de competente

Cross-border tort

delict transfrontalier

Juvenile delinquency

delincventa juvenila – infractiuni comise de minori

to dematerialize

dematerializ

Resignation

demisie

Removal from office

demitere din functie

Dignity

demnitate

Human dignity

demnitate umana

Democracy

democratie

Direct democracy

democratie directa

Liberal democracy

democratie liberala

Representative democracy

democratie reprezentativa

Distortion of competition

denaturarea concurentei

Trade name

denumire comerciala

Protected Designation of Origin (PDO)

Denumire de origine protejata (DOP)

criminal complaint

denunt penal

Whistleblower

Denuntator / avertizor de integritate

Department of Defense (DoD)

Departamentul Apararii

Department of Justice (DOJ)

Departamentul de Justitie

Department of State

Departamentul de Stat

Department of Homeland Security (DHS)

Departamentul pentru Securitate Interna

Department of Health and Human Services (HHS)

Departamentul Sanatatii si Serviciilor Umane

Department of the Treasury

Departamentul Trezoreriei

appurtenance

dependinta

hinge upon

depinde

hangs upon

depinde de

deposit / warehouse

depozit

Landfill

depozit de deseuri

Free warehouse

depozit liber

Depositary

depozitar

Temporary storage

depozitare temporara

Deposition (US)

depozitie (audiere inainte de proces)

Depression

depresiune economica

gives evidence

depuna marturie

to file

depune in instanta

file statement of defence

depune intampinarea

Filing

depunere

Court filing

depunere la dosar

Lodging the declaration

depunerea declaratiei

Document production

depunerea documentelor

affixing a signature

depunerea semnaturii

filed on behalf of

depusa in numele

Member of Parliament (MP)

deputat / parlamentar

Deregulation

dereglementare

financial derivatives

derivate financiare

Derogation

derogare

Derogation from the Constitution

Derogare de la Constitutie

Variance

derogare urbanistica

Disqualification of directors

descalificarea administratorilor

un-merges the criminal punishment to the initial individual punishments

descontopeste pedeapsa in pedepsele repuse in individualitate

split/ un-merge

descontopi (pedeapsa penala)

the unmerge/un-merge of the (criminal) punishments

descontopirea pedepselor

payroll card overdraft

descoperire card salariu

E-discovery

descoperirea probelor electronice

Overdraft

descoperit de cont

Deterrence

descurajare – scop al pedepsei de a preveni infractiuni viitoare

indemnity/compensation

desdaunare

Registered Community Design (RCD)

desen comunitar Inregistrat (UE)

Industrial design

desen sau model industrial

dismissing the case / to dismiss the case

desesizarea instantei / a se desesiza

Industrial waste

deseuri industriale

Liquid waste

deseuri lichide

Municipal waste

deseuri municipale

Hazardous waste

deseuri periculoase

Radioactive waste

deseuri radioactive

Solid waste

deseuri solide

termination of work contract

desfacerea contractului de munca

marriage dissolved

desfacuta casatoria

detailed report

desfasurator

closing down, closure

desfiintare

Indemnity

despagubire

Restitution

despagubire (plata catre victima)

Fair compensation

despagubire justa

Compensation

despagubire, compensare

Compensation for loss

despagubiri

Monetary relief

despagubiri banesti

Workers’ compensation

despagubiri pentru accidente de munca (US), compensatii pentru lucratori

Compensation for expropriation

despagubiri pentru expropriere

seeing customers/ clients off

despartirea de clienti

Consignee

destinatar

will be used as / will serve as

destinatia

Posting

detasare

Fraud detection

detectarea fraudei

Administrative detention

detentie administrativa

arbitrary detention

detentie arbitrara

Unlawful detention

detentie nelegala

juvenile detention

detentie pentru minori

custodian/ holder

detentor / custode

Subornation of perjury

determinare la marturie mincinoasa

Expert determination

determinarea de catre expert

lessee

detinator mandatat / utilizator (leasing)

Eminent possession

detinere de drept public

Possession of controlled substances

detinere de droguri

Illegal possession of firearms

detinere ilegala de arme

Detainee

detinut

Inmate

detinut

held otherwise

detinut cu alt titlu

Genericide

devenirea generica a unei marci (ex. „aspirin”)

Chemical spill

deversare chimica

Oil spill

deversare de petrol

Environmental disaster

dezastru ecologic

to administrate the estate

dezbate succesiune

COVID-19 patent debate

dezbaterea privind brevetele COVID-19

estate/ inheritance division

dezbaterea succesiunii

(closing) arguments on the merits

dezbateri pe fond

Decriminalization

dezincriminare

divesting/divestment

dezinvestire

(Banking) subsidiaries

dezmembraminte fara personalitate juridica (ale bancii)

Divestiture

dezmembrare / cesiune de active

Sustainable development

dezvoltare durabila

Real estate development

dezvoltare imobiliara

Mixed-use development

dezvoltare mixta

Greenfield development

dezvoltare pe terenuri neutilizate

Professional development

dezvoltare profesionala

real estate developer

dezvoltator imobiliar

Judicial dialogue

dialog judiciar

Social dialogue

dialog social

Rent gap

diferenta de chirie

Pay gap

diferenta salariala

difference in the exchange rate

diferente de curs valutar

Enforcement difficulty

dificultati de executare

INTERPOL diffusion

difuzare Interpol (mai putin formala decat Red Notice)

Digitalization of social security

digitalizarea securitatii sociale

Cultural heritage digitization

digitizarea patrimoniului cultural

measures or steps

diligenta

Environmental due diligence

diligenta necesara in materie de mediu

Customer due diligence

diligenta necesara privind clientul

due diligence

diligenta necesara/ verificare juridica si tehnica

Dilution

dilutie (slabirea marcii)

(docs) indicating/pointing out (the company id)/that the company id results from

din care sa rezulte

out of which VAT

din care TVA

more and more displeased

din ce in ce mai nemultumit

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on ground of mutual guilt/fault

din culpa comuna

Ex Works (EXW)

din fabrica (EXW)

surrounding

din jurul

Ex officio

din oficiu

beyond reasonable doubt

dincolo de orice dubiu rezonabil

Beyond reasonable doubt

dincolo de orice indoiala rezonabila – standardul probatoriu in penal (UK/US)

vocational school (graduation) diploma

diploma de absolvire a scolii profesionale

Community Assistance Directorate

Directia de Asistenta Comunitara

Terrorism and Organized Crime Investigation Department

Directia de Investigare a Infractiunilor de Criminalitate Organizata si Terorism

Directorate for International Law and Treaties

Directia Drept International si Tratate

directorate general

Directia generala

DG COMP

Directia Generala Concurenta

The General Directorate of Bucharest Police

Directia generala de Politie a Municipiului Bucuresti

National Anticorruption Directorate

Directia Nationala Anticoruptie

the Directorate for Personal Records and Database Management/Administration

Directia pentru Evidenta Persoanelor si Administrarea Bazelor de Date

(Collateral)Juridical Services Office/Department

Directia pentru Servicii Juridice Conexe

Public General Directorate for Persons Records

Directia pubilca de evidenta a persoanelor si stare civila

head office

directie

Directive

directiva

ADR Directive

Directiva ADR

Council Directive

Directiva Consiliului

Mediation Directive (EU)

Directiva privind medierea (UE)

Orphan works directive

Directiva privind operele orfane

Environmental liability directive

Directiva privind raspunderea pentru mediu

Working time directive

Directiva privind timpul de lucru

PSD2 Directive

Directiva PSD2

EU directives

Directive UE

officer

director / manageri

managing director (UK) / CEO (US)

director executiv

chief financial officer (CFO)

director financiar

chief executive officer (CEO)/ Managing director

director general

general counsel / chief legal officer (CLO)

director juridic

chief operating officer (COO)

director operational

sole director

director unic

invalidating; entailing nullity; diriment (ecclestiastical law only)

dirimant

Loyalty rebate

discount de loialitate

Tribunal discretion

discretia tribunalului

Discrimination

discriminare

Discrimination in housing

discriminare in locuinte

Employment discrimination

discriminare in munca

Workplace Discrimination

discriminare la locul de munca

Discrimination on grounds of nationality

discriminare pe criterii de nationalitate

Price discrimination

discriminare prin pret

Inaugural speech

discurs inaugural

Hate speech (criminalized in EU)

discurs instigator la ura – infractiune in unele sisteme

bifurcation (of case/proceedings)

disjungere

orders/directs a separate trial of the counterclaim

disjungerea cererii reconventionale

Severance of claims

disjungerea cererilor

splitting the cause and declining jurisdiction

disjungerea si declinarea cauzei

Provision

dispozitie

Entrenched provision

dispozitie constitutionala rigida

mandatory assignment of jobs

dispozitie de repartizare

enforceable order

dispozitie executorie

Overriding mandatory provisions

dispozitii imperative supranationale

Transitional provisions

dispozitii tranzitorii

interlocutor (Scots law)/ operative part (judgment); enacting terms (of legislation)

dispozitiv

operative part of the consent decree

dispozitivul hotararii de expedient

enactment terms of the criminal sentence no.

dispozitivul sentintei penale numarul

Contempt of court

dispret fata de instanta / lipsa de respect fata de autoritatea judiciara

order

dispune

ordered per Criminal Judgment

dispusa prin S.P.

Distinctiveness

distinctivitate

Vandalism

distrugere / degradare bunuri

Portfolio diversification

diversificarea portofoliului

Workforce diversity

diversitate a fortei de munca

Diversity and inclusion

diversitate si incluziune

dividend

demerger / spin-off

divizare

Antitrust Division

divizia antitrust

believes that the present action is based on substantial grounds

divorce proceedings

Divorce

divort

No-fault divorce

divort fara culpa

International divorce

divort international

Collaborative Divorce

divort prin acord

Dissolution of Parliament

dizolvarea parlamentului

interest

dobanda

Compound interest

dobanda compusa

Fixed interest

dobanda fixa

fixed interest rate

dobanda fixa

floating interest rate

dobanda flotanta

default interest

dobanda penalizatoare

Variable interest

dobanda variabila

Secondary meaning (trademark law)

dobandirea distinctivitatii prin uz

Interest on arrears

dobanzi la restante

Incorporation doctrine (UK, US debates)

doctrina incorporarii (modul cum dreptul international intra in dreptul intern)

Public trust doctrine

doctrina increderii publice

Essential facilities doctrine

doctrina infrastructurii esentiale

Separability Doctrine

doctrina separabilitatii

memorandum of association (UK) / articles of incorporation (US)

document constitutiv

Closing statement

document de inchidere a tranzactiei

supporting document

document justificativ

Original document

document original

statutory forms

documente de infiintare

Privileged documents

documente protejate prin confidentialitate

statutory documents

documente statutare

Specialized fields

domenii specializate

real estate privately owned by the City Hall/ State

domeniu privat al primariei/statului

Public domain

domeniu public

Domicile

domiciliu

donor

donator

arrest record

dosar de arest

Case file

dosar de instanta

court file

dosar instanta

case pending before the court of law

dosar pe rol

criminal prosecution/criminal case file

dosar penal

probate case

dosar succesoral

joined files/cases

dosare conexate

The record which includes the offences listed...

dosarul care are ca obiect si faptele retinute...

Certificate

dovada

proof of a case...

dovada circumstantei

Proof of service

dovada de comunicare

proof of completion of summons procedure

dovada de indeplinire a procedurii de citare

proof of company/business address

dovada de sediu

suspending vehicle registration/ seizure of the license plate

dovada fara drept de circulatie

Air law

drept aerian

Vendor’s lien

drept al vanzatorului pentru pret neplatit

Antitrust Law

drept antitrust

Design right

drept asupra desenului

commercial law

drept comercial

Comparative law

drept comparat

uniform conflict law

drept conflictual uniform

Constitutional Law/ Constitutional right

drept constitutional

Environmental constitutional right

drept constitutional la mediu

contentious constitutional law

drept contencios constitutional

Common law

drept cutumiar/ comun

Right of access

drept de acces

Adaptation right

drept de adaptare

Right of appeal

drept de apel

Copyright

drept de autor

grant of cemetery land (US) sau burial plot (IE)

drept de concesiune asupra unui loc de inmormantare pe termen nelimitat

Right of construction

drept de construire

Distribution right

drept de distributie

Eminent domain

drept de expropriere pentru utilitate publica

Leasehold

drept de folosinta pe termen limitat (in baza unui contract de inchiriere/concesiune)

Right to assembly

drept de intrunire

statutory charge

drept de ipoteca legala

practice license

drept de libera practica

Right to petition

drept de petitionare

Pre-emption right/ Right of preemption

drept de preemptiune

Ownership right

drept de proprietate

Right of redemption

drept de rascumparare

Equity of redemption

drept de rascumparare a ipotecii

Reproduction right

drept de reproducere

Possessory lien

drept de retentie

Superficies

drept de superficie

Right of way

drept de trecere

Highway right of way

drept de trecere pentru drumuri publice

Right to vote / voting right

drept de vot

joint tenancy ownership

drept devalmas de proprietate

undivided right

drept indiviz

Domestic law

drept intern

International law

drept international

International environmental law

drept international al mediului

Customary international law (US fallback since no ratification of VCLT)

drept international cutumiar (in SUA, multe reguli de tratate aplicate ca obicei)

Private International Law

drept international privat

Public International Law

drept international public

Right to contact

drept la contact

Right to liberty

drept la libertate

Pension entitlement

drept la pensie

Entitlement

drept la prestatii

Due process

drept la un proces echitabil

Statute law

drept legislativ / codificat

International maritime law

drept maritim international

Substantive law

drept material

National law

drept national

International criminal law

drept penal international

opposing claim

drept potrivnic

Procedural law

drept procesual

Comparative Criminal Procedure

drept procesual penal comparat

criminal proceedings law

drept procesural penal

right in rem

drept real

Soft law

drept soft (norme non-obligatorii)

State law

drept statal (SUA)

Statutory law

drept statutar

sui generis right

drept sui generis

Database sui generis right

drept sui generis asupra bazelor de date

Supranational law

drept supranational

Hard law

drept tare (norme obligatorii)

Transnational law

drept transnational

International humanitarian law

drept umanitar international

Customs law

drept vamal

Competition law

dreptul concurentei

Jus in bello

dreptul conflictelor armate

the right of state/government financial support/aid

dreptul cu titlu de alocatie de stat

right to remain silent

dreptul de a pastra tacerea

Jus ad bellum

dreptul de a recurge la forta

Right to property

dreptul de proprietate

law of torts

dreptul delictelor civile

bankruptcy law (US) / insolvency law (UK)

dreptul falimentului

Family law

dreptul familiei

Immigration law

dreptul imigratiei

Right of defence

dreptul la aparare

Right to be heard

dreptul la aparare / de a fi ascultat

Right to assistance in need

dreptul la asistenta in caz de nevoie

Right to self-determination

dreptul la autodeterminare

right to counsel

dreptul la avocat

right to legal counsel

dreptul la avocat

Right to asylum

dreptul la azil

Right to marry

dreptul la casatorie

Right to citizenship

dreptul la cetatenie

Right to education

dreptul la educatie

Quiet enjoyment

dreptul la folosinta linistita

Right to strike

dreptul la greva

Right to work

dreptul la munca

speedy trial (US)

dreptul la proces rapid

Right to respect for private life

dreptul la respectarea vietii private

Right to health

dreptul la sanatate

Right to social security

dreptul la securitate sociala

Right to a clean environment

dreptul la un mediu curat

Right to a healthy environment

dreptul la un mediu sanatos

Right to a fair trial

dreptul la un proces echitabil

Right to fair trial

dreptul la un proces echitabil

Right to life

dreptul la viata

Right to family life

dreptul la viata de familie

Right to privacy

dreptul la viata privata

Environmental law

dreptul mediului

US environmental law

Dreptul mediului in SUA

EU environmental law

Dreptul mediului in UE

Employment law

dreptul muncii

Labour law

dreptul muncii / legislatia muncii

Space law

dreptul spatiului cosmic

Succession Law

dreptul succesoral

Law of Treaties

dreptul tratatelor

European Union law

Dreptul Uniunii Europene

Rights

drepturi

Air rights

drepturi aeriene

Water rights

drepturi asupra apelor

Database rights

drepturi asupra bazelor de date

Quarry rights

drepturi asupra carierei

Timber rights

drepturi asupra lemnului

Coastal property rights

drepturi asupra proprietatilor de coasta

Mineral rights

drepturi asupra resurselor minerale

Civil rights

drepturi civile

Collective rights

drepturi colective

Related rights

drepturi conexe

Cultural rights

drepturi culturale

Custody rights / Rights of custody

drepturi de custodie

Environmental rights

drepturi de mediu

Inheritance rights

drepturi de mostenire

Pasture rights

drepturi de pasunat

pre-emption rights (UK) / preferential rights (US)

drepturi de preferinta

Property rights

drepturi de proprietate

industrial property rights

drepturi de proprietate industriala

intellectual property rights (IPR)

drepturi de proprietate intelectuala

Access rights

drepturi de vizita

full rights to dispose of

drepturi depline de dispozitie

Derivative rights

drepturi derivate

Fundamental rights

drepturi fundamentale

Individual rights

drepturi individuale

moral rights

drepturi morale

Parental rights

drepturi parintesti

Economic rights

drepturi patrimoniale/ economice

Political rights

drepturi politice

Procedural rights

drepturi procedurale

Riparian rights

drepturi riverane

Social rights

drepturi sociale

Neighbouring rights

drepturi vecine

Performers’ rights

drepturile artistilor interpreti

Tenant rights

drepturile chiriasului

Convention rights

drepturile conventiei

Siblings’ rights

drepturile fratilor

Minority rights

drepturile minoritatilor

Miranda rights (US)

drepturile Miranda (dreptul de a tacea si la avocat)

Human rights

drepturile omului

Broadcasting organizations’ rights

drepturile organismelor de radiodifuziune

rights of the detainee

drepturile persoanei retinute

Disability rights

drepturile persoanelor cu dizabilitati

Producers’ rights

drepturile producatorilor

Prior user rights

drepturile utilizatorului anterior

victim’s rights

drepturile victimei

drew an important distinction

a facut o distinctie importanta

double taxation

dubla impunere

Double majority

dubla majoritate

IP due diligence

Due diligence In PI

Social dumping

Dumping social

Duopoly

Duopol

as evidenced by

dupa cum reiese din

as deemed appropriate

dupa cum va considera convenabil

has become definitive

dupa ramanerea

Rejoinder

duplica

Duplicate of notarial deed

duplicat de pe act notarial

Duration

durata

contract term

durata a contractului

Excessive length of proceedings

durata excesiva a proceselor

Duration of protection

durata protectiei

Term of protection

durata protectiei

normal working hours

durata timpului de munca

acceptance time frames set by

duratele de acceptare impuse de

earn-out provision

earn-out

Balance of interests

echilibru al intereselor

Ecological balance

echilibru ecologic

Institutional balance

echilibru institutional

Fair balance

echilibru just

Work-life balance

echilibru munca–viata personala

Balance of competences

echilibrul competentelor

Balance of rights

echilibrul drepturilor

Dawn raid team

echipa de inspectie inopinata

Protective equipment

echipament de protectie

Equity

echitate

Environmental equity

echitate de mediu

Intergenerational equity

echitate intre generatii

Procedural fairness

echitate/corectitudine procedurala

Ecocide

ecocid

Eco-efficiency

eco-eficienta

Eco-innovation

eco-inovatie

Knowledge economy

economia cunoasterii

Circular economy

economie circulara

Low-carbon economy

economie cu emisii reduse de carbon

Gig economy

economie de tip „gig” (lucrari ocazionale, freelancing pe platforme)

Procedural economy

economie procesuala

Shadow economy

economie subterana

Green economy

economie verde

Economies of scope

economii de gama

Economies of scale

economii de scara

Ecosystem

ecosistem

e-Customs (EU)

e-Customs (UE)

Continuing Education

educatie continua

Environmental education

educatie ecologica

Financial literacy

educatie financiara

Anticompetitive effect

efect anticoncurential

Deterrence effect

efect de descurajare

Leverage

efect de levier

Direct effect

efect direct

Ex nunc effect

efect pentru viitor

Pro-competitive effect

efect pro-concurential

Ex tunc effect

efect retroactiv

Network effects

efecte de retea

take the (annual) leave

efectuconcediul

Collateral estoppel (US)

efectul pozitiv al lucrului judecat

Cost efficiency

eficienta a costurilor

Cost-effectiveness

eficienta a costurilor

Energy efficiency

eficienta energetica

Procedural Efficiency

eficienta procedurala

Equality

egalitate

Marriage equality

egalitate in casatorie

Equality before the law

egalitate in fata legii

Equality of arms

egalitatea armelor

Equality of treatment

egalitatea de tratament

Equal Treatment of Parties

egalitatea de tratament a partilor

Party equality

egalitatea partilor

E-governance

e-guvernare

(BrE/IrE litigation) matter of fact or of law; (gen.) de facto or de jure point

element de fapt sau de drept

Actus reus

elementul material – fapta propriu-zisa

Conditional release

eliberare conditionata

parole

eliberare conditionata (dupa executarea unei parti din pedeapsa)

release on bail

eliberare pe cautiune

Supervised release

eliberare sub supraveghere

Issuance of certified copies

eliberarea de copii legalizate

Suppression of evidence

eliminarea probelor din proces

Strategic embargo

embargo strategic

incorporat

embedded

Perpetual lease

emfiteoza

Carbon emissions

emisii de carbon

Net zero emissions

emisii nete zero

Life-cycle emissions

emisii pe ciclul de viata

capitalisation issue / US cash dividend

emisiune prin capitalizare / dividend in numerar (sua)

to issue exclusively

emite exclusiv

issuer

emitent

invoice issuance

emitere factura

bond issuance

emitere obligatiuni

Biomass energy

energie din biomasa

Wind energy

energie eoliana

Geothermal energy

energie geotermala

Hydropower

energie hidroelectrica

Renewable energy

energie regenerabila

Solar energy

energie solara

exhaustion of remedies

epuizarea cailor de atac

Domestic remedies exhaustion

epuizarea cailor de atac interne

Exhaustion of rights

epuizarea drepturilor

Sewage treatment

epurarea apelor uzate

Error

eroare

common and unavoidable error/mistake

eroare comuna si invincibila

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substantive error

eroare de fond

Miscarriage of justice

eroare judiciara

Error vs Mistake

eroare versus greseala

erroneous

eronati

Market failure

esec de piata

Federalist Papers

eseurile federaliste

Shall

este obligat

indigent

este sarac...

Gold standard

etalon aur

Environmental ethics

etica ecologica

Eco-label

eticheta ecologica

Environmental labeling

etichetare ecologica

Digital euro

euro digital

Eurobarometer

eurobarometru

Europol

europol

Eviction

evacuare

Constructive eviction

evacuare indirecta

evicted

evacuat

Fitness for work assessment

evaluare a capacitatii de munca

Substantive assessment

evaluare de fond

Ex post evaluation

evaluare ex-post

Appraisal

evaluare imobiliara

Real estate appraisal

evaluare imobiliara

Probation evaluation

evaluare in perioada de proba

Early Neutral Evaluation

evaluare neutra timpurie

Psychological assessment

evaluare psihologica

Case Evaluation

evaluarea cazului

Life-cycle assessment (LCA)

evaluarea ciclului de viata

Competition assessment

evaluarea concurentei

Environmental damages assessment

evaluarea daunelor de mediu

IP valuation

evaluarea drepturilor PI

Eligibility assessment

evaluarea eligibilitatii

Environmental impact assessment (EIA)

evaluarea impactului asupra mediului

Performance appraisal

evaluarea performantei

Hazard assessment

evaluarea pericolelor

Risk assessment

evaluarea riscurilor

AI-based risk assessment

evaluarea riscurilor bazata pe inteligenta artificiala

Strategic environmental assessment (SEA)

evaluarea strategica de mediu

Contribution evasion

evaziune de contributii

Tax evasion

evaziune fiscala

population register

evidenta populatiei

Dispute Avoidance

evitarea disputelor

Ex aequo et bono

ex aequo et bono

Trade surplus

excedent comercial

Individual exemption

exceptare individuala

exception of non-performance/exception of a non-performed contract

exceptia de neexecutare

Public policy exception

exceptia de ordine publica

exception to the ineligibility of the action/ claim

exceptia inadminisibilitatii cererii

lack of (passive) capacity to stand trial

exceptia lipsei calitatii procesuale pasive

Interoperability exception

exceptia pentru interoperabilitate

Parody exception

exceptia pentru parodie

Satire exception

exceptia pentru satira

plea of prematurity

exceptia prematuritatii introducerii actiunii

challenge on the grounds of late submission of complaint

exceptia tardivitatii formularii contestatiei

constitutional challenge of art.

exceptie de neconstitutionalitate

Preliminary objection

exceptie preliminara

exceptions on the merits

exceptii de fond

Jurisdictional Objections

exceptii de jurisdictie

procedural plea

exceptii de procedura

Research exceptions

exceptii pentru cercetare

Educational exceptions

exceptii pentru educatie

Disability exceptions

exceptii pentru persoane cu dizabilitati

defences used in litigation

exceptii procesuale

Exceptions and limitations

exceptii si limitari

Over-rigorous

excesiva

disclaimer

excludere de raspundere

Social exclusion

excludere sociala

Foreclosure of competition

excluderea concurentei

Exclusionary rule (US)

excluderea probelor obtinute ilegal

Exclusive dealing

exclusivitate comerciala

Mandatory enforcement

executare obligatorie

Provisional enforceability

executare provizorie

Public performance

executare publica

Specific performance

executare silita a contractului

Foreclosure

executare silita ipotecara

attachment in execution (immovable and movable) property

executare silita patrimoniala

enforcement of a judgement: garnishment

executare silita: poprire

Cross-border enforcement

executare transfrontaliera

Transnational enforcement

executare transnationala

Enforcement of settlement

executarea acordului

Mediation Settlement Enforcement

executarea acordului de mediere

Execution of judgment

executarea hotararii

Award enforcement

executarea hotararii arbitrale

Enforcement of judgments

executarea hotararilor

enforcement of international warrants

executarea mandatelor internationale

executives

executivi

to serve a punishment/sentence

executo pedeapsa

Process server

executor / agent de comunicare

Auctioneer

executor / licitator

bailiff (UK) / marshal (US)

executor judecatoresc

Enforcement officer

executor judecatoresc

Head Bailiff

executor judecatoresc titular

Executor

executor testamentar

Executor of will

executor testamentar

(bank) bailiffs

executori bancari

Enforceability of Settlement

executorialitatea acordului

Mediation agreement enforceability

executorialitatea acordului de mediere

Arbitration agreement enforceability

executorialitatea conventiei arbitrale

Decision enforceability

executorialitatea deciziei

enforceable

executorie

a copy of the complaint

exemplar de pe actiune

Copy No.1

exemplarul nr. 1

tax exemption

exemptare fiscala

enforcement abroad/exequatur

exequator

the practice of medicine

exercitarea profesiei de medic

financial availability

existenta disponibilitatilor financiare

Existence of loss caused by unconscionability

existenta leziunii

Boom

expansiune economica

Real estate boom

expansiune imobiliara

consignor / shipper

expeditor

Shipper

expeditor / transportator

Freight Forwarder

expeditor de marfuri

Expert witness

expert / martor specialist

Court-appointed expert

expert desemnat de instanta

Expertise

expertiza

Valuation

expertiza de evaluare

Expiry

expirare

licenses to conduct gambling activities / licenses to operate games of chance

exploatarea jocurilor de noroc

Temporary exportation

export temporar

exporter

exportator

Exporter of record

exportator inregistrat

Export of benefits

exportul prestatiilor

The undersigned XXX,in my capacity as YYY hereby state the following...

expresii tipice declaratiilor juridice

Expropriation

expropriere

Expulsion

expulzare

Obligo

expunere

recitals

expunere de motive

memorandum of resons; substantiation report; endorsement report

expunere de motive; nota de fundamentare; referat de aprobare

Environmental externalities

externalitati de mediu

Enlargement

extindere

Extension of coverage

extinderea acoperirii

Leveraging

extinderea puterii de piata

Extradition

extradare

Extradition for customs offences

extradare pentru infractiuni vamale

Abstract of title

extras de carte funciara

Certified extract

extras legalizat

Extraterritoriality

extrateritorialitate

to make a right out of a personal wrong (guilt)

face drept din propriculpa

to challenge in court

face opozitie in instant

Trade facilitation

facilitarea comertului

Settlement Facilitation

facilitarea intelegerii

Customs relief

facilitati vamale

Facilitator

facilitator

factoring

Commercial invoice

factura comerciala

Pro forma invoice

factura pro-forma

Fire Protection Engineering

facultatea de pompieri

(Law on) VOLUNTARY (Pension Funds)

facultativ

misrepresentation

fals in declaratii / declaratii inexacte / denaturare a adevarului

forgery in deeds by private signature

fals in inscrisuri sub semnatura privata

Forgery

fals in inscrisuri, fals intelectual

acuzatii false

false allegations

Extended family

familie extinsa

act of merchant

fapta de comert

damaging facts

fapte cauzatoare de prejudicii

perpetrator

faptuitor

perpetrator

faptuitorul

Without prejudice (UK)

fara a prejudicia drepturile partii

for no consideration

fara cauza

exemption from court charges/fees or court fee exemption/remission

fara cheltuieli de judecata

illegally occupied

fara forme legale

with unlimited authority

fara limita de mandat

No derivatives

fara opere derivate

without (a) deed

fara titlu

FATF

FATF (Grupul de Actiune Financiara)

Discovery (US)

faza de obtinere a probelor

Federalism

federalism

to be vested

fi investit

non party to the inheritance

fi strain de succesiune

Surety

fidejusiune

Trust

fiducie

American rule (US)

fiecare parte isi plateste propriile cheltuieli

subsidiary

filiala

Digital watermarking

filigran digital

Content filtering

filtrare de continut

Final and binding

final si obligatoriu

outcome/effect

finalitatea masurii

resolution of criminal (case) file

finalizarea dosarului penal

Finalization of notarial procedure

finalizarea procedurii notariale

Third-party funding

finantare de catre terti

Sustainable finance

finantare durabila

IP-backed financing

finantare garantata cu drepturi de pi

Interim financing

finantare intermediara

Equity financing

finantare prin capital propriu

Structured finance

finantare structurata

financial backer (of the project)/ project financer

finantator

the Lessor

finantator (leasing)

Blue finance

finante albastre (oceane si resurse acvatice)

Decentralized Finance (DeFi)

finante descentralizate

Green finance

finante verzi

solo practice

firma cu un angajat

instanta de fond

first instance

ID supplementary sheet

fisa de insotire

Job description

fisa postului

repertoir/repertory/rep list

fisa repertoriala

High Risk/Bad Credit Persons National Data Base

Fisierul National al Persoanelor cu Risc

Price fixing

fixarea preturilor

Flexibility

flexibilitate

Procedural flexibility

flexibilitate procedurala

Labour turnover

fluctuatia de personal

ebb and flow

fluxul si refluxul

ebb and flow

fluxul si refluxul

property register

foaia de avere

proprietorship register

foaia de proprietate

charges register

foaia de sarcini

on the balance of probabilities

foarte probabil

on the balance of probabilities

foarte probabil

Sustainable land use

folosinta durabila a terenului

Exclusive use

folosinta exclusiva

Land use

folosinta terenului

Use of force

folosirea fortei

Goodwill

fond de comert

Compensation fund

fond de compensare

Hedge fund

fond de hedging

investment fund

fond de investitii

REIT (Real Estate Investment Trust)

fond de investitii imobiliare

Pension fund

fond de pensii

Sinking fund

fond de reparatii

legal corpus

fond juridic documentar

Mutual fund

fond mutual

Environmental litigation fund

fond pentru litigii de mediu

Sovereign wealth fund

fond suveran de investitii

IMF

fondul monetar international

Structural funds

fonduri structurale

European Structural and Investment Funds

Fonduri Structurale Si de Investitii Europene

Forum

For (instanta competenta)

Forum non conveniens

For neconvenabil

Forum prorogatum

for prorogat (acceptat ulterior)

previzibil

foreseeable

Skills training

formare profesionala

Training

formare profesionala

Customs training

formare vamala

Gross fixed capital formation

formarea bruta de capital fix

Training of mediators

formarea mediatorilor

formula for attesting to the authenticity of the act

formula de atestare a autenticitatii actului

Claim form (UK)

formular de cerere

to file an appeal for annulment

formulcontestatie in anulare

to enter/ entry of/ a stay of execution

formulcontestatie lexecutare

X respectfully submits this (Reply to the...)

formulez prezentul

Enforceability

forta executorie, opozabilitate

force majeure

forta majora

Neutral Forum

forum neutru

fosta scoala de aviatie

Fragmentation

fragmentare

franchise

franciza

Franchising

franciza

franchisee

francizat

franchisor

francizor

Free on Board (FOB)

Franco la bord (FOB)

Fraud

frauda – inducerea in eroare pentru obtinerea unui folos

Credit card fraud

frauda cu carduri bancare

Origin fraud

frauda de origine

Wire fraud (US)

Frauda electronica (US)

Real estate fraud

frauda imobiliara

Cyber fraud

frauda informatica

Title fraud

frauda privind titlul

Customs fraud

frauda vamala

Capital flight

fuga capitalurilor

Hit and run

fuga de la locul accidentului

civil service

functie publica

public servant

functionar public

civil servant

functionar public

Land trust

fundatie funciara

Benefit delivery

furnizarea prestatiilor

supplier

furnizor

Liquidity provider

furnizor de lichiditate

theft

furt – luarea bunului altuia

Identity theft

furt de identitate

Identity theft in property transactions

furt de identitate in tranzactii imobiliare

Carjacking

furt de masina prin violenta

Shoplifting

furt din magazine

futures contracts

futures

merger

fuziune

Conglomerate merger

fuziune de tip conglomerat

Horizontal merger

fuziune orizontala

merger and division

fuziune si divizare

Vertical merger

fuziune verticala

Pledge

gaj

Mechanics’ lien

gaj al antreprenorilor / muncitorilor

Guarantor

garant

pledgor

garant constituitor

guaranteed

garantat in plata

the pledged collateral

garantia constituita

guarantee / warranty

garantie

Warranty of quality

garantie de calitate

Environmental safeguard

garantie de mediu

extended warranty

garantie extinsa

security interest in real/personal property

garantie imobiliara / mobiliara

Implied warranty of habitability

garantie implicita de locuibilitate

statutory warranty

garantie legala

Security deposit

garantie locativa

bail bond

garantie pentru cautiune

Security for claims

garantie pentru cereri

Security for Costs

garantie pentru cheltuieli de judecata

Youth guarantee

garantie pentru tineri

Guarantee/ surety/ personal guarantee

garantie personala

security interest

garantie reala

(agreement with)tangible assets as security/collateral without disposession of future receivables

garantie reala mobiliara fara deposedare asupra soldului creditor al contului cu

Safeguards

garantii

Procedural guarantees/ Procedural Safeguards

garantii procedurale

right to a fair trial / fair trial guarantees

garantii procesuale

Striking that balance

gasirea acestui echilibru

Natural gas

gaz natural

Greenhouse gases (GHG)

gaze cu efect de sera

Parchetul General

General Prosecutor’s Office

Genocide

genocid

Gentrification

gentrificare

management

gestionare

Waste management

gestionarea deseurilor

Disaster management

gestionarea dezastrelor

stewardship / management

gestiune

guidance

ghid / indrumare

Guidelines

ghiduri

Compliance guidelines

ghiduri de conformitate

Sentencing guidelines

ghiduri de stabilire a pedepselor

Guidelines on horizontal cooperation

ghiduri privind cooperarea orizontala

Guidelines on vertical restraints

ghiduri privind restrictiile verticale

Single Window (trade facilitation)

ghiseu unic (facilitarea comertului)

depuna marturie

gives evidence

degree of kinship

grad de rudenie

Repayment schedule

grafic de rambursare

extrajudicial handwriting analysis

grafoscopica

Grant

grant / finantare nerambursabila

full grace

gratie totala

Pardon

gratiere – iertarea pedepsei de catre autoritati

collective pardon/amnesty

gratiere colectiva

Rent-free

gratuit, fara chirie

Greenwashing

Greenwashing (falsa sustenabilitate)

Court registry

grefa instantei

registry of the court

grefa judecatoriei

clerk

grefier

Court clerk

grefier

Bailiff (US)

grefier / agent al instantei

clerk to the court (UK)

grefier de sedinta

Law clerk

grefier juridic

Court reporter (US)

grefier stenograf

Registrar (UK)

grefier-sef, ofiter al starii civile

Strike (action)

greva

tariff schedule

grila de tarife

Patent pool

grup comun de brevete

group of companies

grup de societati

Parliamentary group

grup parlamentar

Excluded groups

grupuri excluse

Marginalized groups

grupuri marginalizate

Vulnerable groups

grupuri vulnerabile

guardianship court

Tribunalului de Tutela

Government

guvern

Governance

guvernanta

corporate governance

guvernanta corporativa

Environmental governance

guvernanta de mediu

Economic governance

guvernanta economica

Government of Romania

guvernul romaniei

within 30 days from notification of the decision

in termen de 30 de zile de la comunicarea deciziei

Habeas corpus (child cases)

Habeas corpus (in cazuri privind copiii)

Habitat

habitat

Critical habitat

habitat critic

Natural habitat

habitat natural

Hacking

hacking / acces ilegal la sisteme

Harassment

hartuire

Harassment by landlord

hartuire de catre proprietar

Workplace harassment

hartuire la locul de munca

Stalking

hartuire obsesiva / urmarire

Sexual harassment

hartuire sexuala

Moral hazard

hazard moral

hedging

HKIAC

Hong Kong International Arbitration Centre

Decree (civil law), Ruling

Hotarare

Arbitrator’s Award

hotarare arbitrala

ECtHR decision

Hotarare CEDO

ECJ judgment

Hotarare CJUE

declaratory judgement or decree

hotarare constatatoare

Consent judgment

hotarare de consimtamant

Declaratory judgment

hotarare declarativa

ICSID award

Hotarare ICSID

Judgement in absentia (RO)

hotarare in lipsa

interlocutory decision

hotarare interlocutorie

judgment (UK) / court decision (US)/ Judicial decision/ Court ruling

hotarare judecatoreasca

by-law

hotarare locala / regulament

Reasoned Award

hotarare motivata

Binding judgment (ICJ/tribunals)

Hotarare obligatorie (CIJ sau tribunale internationale)

Partial Award

hotarare partiala

Deficiency judgment

hotarare pentru diferenta de datorie

preliminary ruling

hotarare preliminara

Default judgment

hotarare prin neprezentare

Default judgment

hotarare pronuntata in lipsa

Ultra vires Award

hotarare ultra vires

Pilot judgment

hotarare-pilot

decisions establishing... / fact-finding decision

hotarari de constatare

consent judgment/decree

hotarire de expedient

groundless verdict

hotarire nemotivata

Note shall be taken (that), due account shall be taken, formal note shall be taken ...

Se va lua act (de faptul că), se va lua în considerare în mod corespunzător, se va lua act oficial ...

Biometric identification

Identificare biometrica

electronic identification (eID)

identificare electronica

Constitutional identity

Identitate constitutionala

Digital ID

Identitate digitala

Brand identity

Identitatea de brand

identity of the suspect

identitatea suspectului

Hierarchy of norms

Ierarhia normelor

severance of joint ownership

iesire din indiviziune

underground militant

ilegalist

Trade dress

Imaginea comerciala (trade dress)

Demographic ageing

imbatranirea demografica

Unjust enrichment

imbogatire fara just temei

interference

imixtiune

Real property

imobil (teren si constructii)

servient estate

imobil servant

premises/building premises

imobilele constructii

Market impact

Impact asupra pietei

Reforestation

impadurire

Afforestation

impadurire noua

deficiente

impairment

Impartiality

impartialitate

Market sharing

impartirea pietei

Job sharing

impartirea postului intre doi salariati

preclude

impiedica

stymie

impiedica

preclude

impiedica, exclude

Implementation

implementare

Joint Implementation (JI)

implementare comuna

Domestic implementation

implementare interna

importer

importator

Importer of record (US)

Importator inregistrat (SUA)

Parallel imports

importuri paralele

burdensome

impovaratoare

State tax

impozit de stat

Capital gains tax

impozit pe castig de capital

corporate tax (UK) / corporate income tax (US)

impozit pe profit

Real estate tax

impozit pe proprietate imobiliara

income tax

impozit pe venit

Withholding Tax

impozit retinut la sursa

imprescriptible, (land rights) indefeasible; (other rights) not subject to time-barring

imprescriptibil

Hardship

impreviziune

Recklessness

imprudenta grava / culpa cu prevedere

Loan

imprumut

Loan for use

imprumut de folosinta

Secured loan

imprumut garantat

Peer-to-peer lending

imprumut peer-to-peer

Development loan

imprumut pentru dezvoltare

Soft loan

imprumut preferential

Syndicated loan

imprumut sindicalizat

borrower

imprumutat

KN Borrower

imprumutat

the borrower

imprumutatul

proxy

imputernicire de reprezentare directa

Full powers (treaty negotiation)

imputerniciri depline (pentru negocierea tratatelor)

Immunity

imunitate – protectie contra urmaririi penale

Head of State immunity

imunitate a sefului de stat

Consular immunity

imunitate consulara

Sovereign immunity

imunitate de jurisdictie

Diplomatic immunity

imunitate diplomatica

Immunity from prosecution

imunitate fata de urmarirea penala

Judicial immunity

imunitate judiciara

Parliamentary immunity

imunitate parlamentara

State immunity

imunitatea statului

to take note

in act

based on the punishment ideology

in baza ideologiei pedepsei

On the basis of the article / Based on the article/ pursuant to/in compliance with/under/by virtue of

in baza...

As a plaintiff/accuser/claimant

in calitate de parte civila

A criminal proceeding has been filed for the cause

in cauza, a fost infiintat dosarul penal

multiple offences/crimes

in concurs real

Subject to new legislative enactments

in conditiile aparitiei unor

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ongoing

in curs

in/as evidence

in dovedire

to substantiate the application/claim/request

in dovedirea cererii

in fact ( de facto )

in fapt

in a court of law / before a court

in fata justitiei

BEFORE ME, the undersigned Notary Public, personally came and appeared..

in fata mea..., notar public

will be commissioned

in folosinta

aggravated

in forma calificata

pledged / used as collateral

in garantie

in (state liability) / with regard to

in materia

erroneously

in mod gresit

in the reasoning of the application

in motivarea

In person

in nume propriu

on my behalf and for my benefit

in numele meu si pentru mine

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in evidence

in probatiune (acest context)

in view of the latest domicile

in raport de ultimul domiciliu

borne by the State

in sarcina statului

as evidence

in scop probator

the party with (civil )joint liability

in solidar cu partea responsabila civilemente

without being detained

in stare de libertate

supporting

in sustinere

Pursuant to art. 38 of the ***** Act

In temeiul art. 38 din Legea ****

within the statutory period

in termenul legal

while attempting to transport/smuggle

in timp ce incerca sa tranziteze

In force

in vigoare

by virtue of the rules of international courtesy (and) under reciprocity

in virtutea curtoaziei internationale si cu asigurarea reciprocitatii

Inadmissibility

inadmisibilitate

High Court of Cassation and Justice (RO)

inalta Curte de Casatie si Justitie

High Court (UK)

inalta Curte de Justitie

High Court of Justice

inalta Curte de Justitie

High Contracting Party

inalta Parte Contractanta

High Representative of the Union

Inaltul Reprezentant al Uniunii

tenured judge

inamovibil

legal classification of offences

incadrare juridica

Breach, Infringement, Violation

incalcare

Breach of contract

Incalcare a contractului

Breach of convention

incalcare a conventiei

Encroachment

incalcare a limitei de proprietate

Competition infringement

incalcare a regulilor de concurenta

Breach of treaty

incalcare a tratatului

Material breach

incalcare esentiala

Material breach (VCLT concept)

incalcare esentiala a tratatului

Metatags infringement

Incalcare prin metataguri

Systemic violation

incalcare sistemica

Article 6 violation

incalcarea articolului 6

Patent infringement

incalcarea brevetului

parole violation

incalcarea conditiilor eliberarii conditionate

Breach of confidentiality

incalcarea confidentialitatii

Trade dress infringement

incalcarea imaginii comerciale

Curfew violation

incalcarea interdictiei de circulatie (ex minori)

Human rights violations

incalcari ale drepturilor omului

Mass violations

incalcari in masa

Global warming

incalzire globala

Incarceration

incarcerare – alt termen pentru inchisoare

Arson

incendiere

non-assignable (rights & intangibles)

incesibil

termination through rescission

incetare prin reziliere

Termination of notarial act

incetarea actului notarial

Termination of parental rights

incetarea drepturilor parintesti

winding-up followed by liquidaton of the legal person

incetarea, dizolvarea si lichidarea persoanei juridice

Conclusion

incheiere

hearing report

incheiere

authentication

incheiere de atestare

notarial certificate

incheiere de certificare fapte nr. x

writing bearing a certified date

incheiere de data certa

writ of execution

incheiere de incuviintare a executarii silite, titlu executoriu

SIGNATURE NOTARIZATION

incheiere de legalizare a semnaturii

certification of the signature

incheiere de legalizare a specimenului de semnatura

writ of appointment

incheiere de numire

Deed of Correction

incheiere de rectificare

Notarial minutes

incheiere notariala

Court resolution issued/rendered

incheiere pronuntata

record/minutes of the proceedings

incheierea de sedinta

final conclusion of the probate (procedure)

incheierea finala a procedurii succesoriale

to perform a marriage

incheio casatorie

closing of accounts

inchidere contabila

Lockout

inchidere patronala/ blocaj patronal

Lease

inchiriere

Tenancy

inchiriere / locatiune

Commercial lease

inchiriere comerciala

Rent-to-own

inchiriere cu optiune de cumparare

Fixed-term tenancy

inchiriere pe durata determinata

Grazing lease

inchiriere pentru pasunat

Periodic lease

inchiriere periodica

Periodic tenancy

inchiriere periodica (luna la luna)

imprisonment

inchisoare

custodial sentence to be served

inchisoare cu executare

imprisonment with conditional suspension of execution of punishment

inchisoare cu suspendare conditionata a executarii pedepsei

Life imprisonment

inchisoare pe viata

Incineration

incinerare

Banking inclusion

incluziune bancara

Financial inclusion

incluziune financiara

incorporation of reserves

incorporarea rezervelor

embedded

incorporat

Incoterms (EXW, FOB, CIF, DDP)

custody and raising (of) the minors

incredintarea si cresterea minorilor

The Criminalization of Abortion

incriminarea avortului

Charge / to be charged

inculpare / a fi pus sub acuzare

accused / defendant

inculpat

Defendant / accused

inculpat – persoana trimisa in judecata

Defendant

inculpat, parat

defendant / respondent

inculpat/intimat

adoption approval

incuviintarea adoptiei

Foreign indebtedness in %

indatorarea externa in %

Sick pay/ Sickness benefit

indemnizatie de boala

Redundancy benefit

indemnizatie de concediere

Severance pay

indemnizatie de concediere, plata compensatorie

Holiday allowance/ Holiday pay

indemnizatie de concediu

Disability allowance

indemnizatie de handicap

Maternity benefit

indemnizatie de maternitate

Rehabilitation benefit

indemnizatie de reabilitare

Unemployment benefit

indemnizatie de somaj

Childcare benefit

indemnizatie pentru cresterea copilului

Caregiver allowance

indemnizatie pentru ingrijitor

Foster care allowance

indemnizatie pentru plasament

health insurance benefits

indemnizatii de asigurari sociale de sanatate

Disability benefits

indemnizatii pentru handicap

Unilateral removal

indepartare unilaterala

Independence

independenta

Independence of judiciary

independenta justitiei

Judicial independence

independenta justitiei

correctly fulfilling his duty

indeplinind actul corect

inadequate fullfillment

indeplinirea necorespunzatoare

Geographical indication (GI)

indicatie geografica

Protected Geographical Indication (PGI)

indicatie geografica protejata (igp)

Environmental performance indicator

indicator de performanta de mediu

Key performance indicators (KPI)

indicatori cheie de performanta

Herfindahl–Hirschman Index (HHI)

Indicele HHI de concentrare

cues

indicii

escrowed shares

indisponibilizare

subject to an asset freeze, frozen (asset)

indisponibilizat

judicial individualization of punishment

individualizare judiciara a executarii pedepsei

indivisible

indivizibil

court appearance

infatisare

special hearing

infatisare speciala

incorporation

infiintare societate

Inflation

inflatie

unsabstantiated (claim)

inform(a)

Asymmetric information

informatie asimetrica

Advance cargo information

informatii avansate privind marfa

Confidential information

informatii confidentiale

information of public interest available upon request according to the law

informatii de interes public la cerere conform legii

Binding tariff information (BTI)

Informatii tarifare obligatorii

Crime

Infractiune – fapta prevazuta de legea penala

continuing offence of human trafficking

infractiune continuata de trafic de persoane

Public order offence

nfractiune contra ordinii publice

Corporate crime

infractiune corporativa

Common law offence

infractiune de drept comun (in UK/US)

Environmental crime

infractiune de mediu (poluare ilegala, deversari)

crime of danger

infractiune de pericol

Strict liability offence

infractiune de raspundere obiectiva (fara a fi necesara vinovatia)

(gen) offence committed in the course of employment; (public servant) misfeasance in office

infractiune de serviciu

Felony (US)

infractiune grava – echivalent cu „crima” in dreptul roman

Indictable offence (UK)

infractiune grava, judecata la instante superioare (Crown Court) (judecata cu juriu)

Summary offence (UK)

infractiune judecata rapid, fara juriu (echivalent contraventie)

Misdemeanor (US)

infractiune minora / contraventie penala – in RO contraventiile nu sunt penale

Hybrid offence (UK)

infractiune mixta, poate fi tratata ca sumara sau grava

Hate crime

infractiune motivata de ura (rasiala, religioasa, sexuala)

Statutory offence

infractiune prevazuta expres de lege

object offense (or target offense)

infractiune scop

Continuing or continuous offences

infractiuni continue sau continuate

Malware crime

infractiuni cu programe malitioase

malfeasance while in office

infractiuni de serviciu

Maritime crime

infractiuni maritime (ex piraterie clasica)

Intellectual property crime

infractiuni privind drepturile de autor si patente

Offender

infractor – persoana care a comis o infractiune

Juvenile offender

infractor minor

interferences

ingerinta/ imixtiune

project engineer

inginer de proiect

Financial engineering

inginerie financiara

Reverse engineering

inginerie inversa

Specialist care

ingrijire de specialitate

Long-term care

ingrijire pe termen lung

Elderly care

ingrijire pentru varstnici

Public care

ingrijire publica

Home care

ingrijiri la domiciliu

Preventive care

ingrijiri preventive

Informal caregiver

ingrijitor informal

Citizen’s initiative

initiativa cetateneasca

Initiative of legislation

initiativa legislativa

Popular initiative

initiativa populara

initiate estate proceedings

initierea actiunii

Wrongful removal

inlaturare ilegala

correction of judicial errors

inlaturarea erorilor judecatoresti

Replacement of Arbitrator

inlocuirea arbitrului

Disruptive innovation

inovatie disruptiva

Environmental innovation

inovatie ecologica

Financial innovation

inovatie financiara

Procedural Innovation

inovatie procedurala

Social innovation

inovatie sociala

Registration (UN treaties)

inregistrare (tratate ONU)

Audio Recording

inregistrare audio

Company registration

inregistrare firma

trademark registration

inregistrare marca

patent registration

inregistrare patent

Universal registration

inregistrare universala

Video Recording

inregistrare video

Registration of the declaration

inregistrarea declaratiei

entry on the Land Register

inscrie in rol

Encumbrance

inscriere / sarcina asupra imobilului

Deed registration

inscriere act

Execution order by notary

inscriere ca titlu executoriu

Recording

inscriere in registrul de publicitate imobiliara

Cloud on title

inscriere incerta / problema de titlu

Private deed

inscris sub semnatura privata

Private deed under signature

inscris sub semnatura privata

single written document

inscris unic

o idee

inscris vs. act vs. document

deceptive

inselator

Phishing

inselatorie online prin emailuri false

unattachable

insesizabil

immunity from seizure

insesizabilitate (conventionala)

insolvency

insolvabilitate / insolventa

insolvency (UK) / bankruptcy (US)

insolventa

bankruptcy (US) / liquidation (UK, corporate)

Insolventa / faliment

ACCOMPANYING A MINOR

insotitor minor

Labour inspection

Inspectia muncii

inspection

inspectie

Environmental inspection

Inspectie de mediu

Dawn raid

Inspectie inopinata

Occupational health and safety inspector

Inspector de specialitate protectia muncii

Inspector General

Inspector General (in agentiile americane)

labor inspectorate

inspectorat de munca

education inspectorate

inspectorat scolar

Police Inspectorate

Inspectoratul de Politie

Police Inspectorate

Inspectoratul de Politie

Labour inspectorate

Inspectoratul muncii

Ofsted (Office for Standards in Education)

Inspectoratul pentru educatie

installation of electrical wiring and equipment

Instalare cabluri si echipamente electrice

Court

Instanta

court of justice/law court

instanta

admitted

instanta a admis reclamantei un probatoriu

Crown Court (UK)

Instanta care judeca infractiuni grave, curte penala (UK)

commercial court

instanta comerciala

competent court

instanta competenta

Venue (US)

Instanta competenta teritorial

Appellate court

instanta de apel

administrative and fiscal court

instanta de contencios administrativ si fiscal

Family court (US/UK)

Instanta de familie – unele infractiuni legate de minori/familie

Trial Court/ court of first instance / first instance

instanta de fond

Small claims court

Instanta de mici creante

Social court

Instanta de securitate sociala

District Court (US)

Instanta federala de prim grad

lower court / court of first instance

instanta inferioara / instanta de fond

Magistrates’ court (UK)

Instanta inferioara care judeca infractiuni minore

court of competent jurisdiction

instanta judecatoreasca competenta

The Court issues the case for pronouncing

instanta lasa cauza in pronuntare

National court

Instanta nationala

Forum non conveniens

Instanta necompetenta ca loc potrivit

Labour court (RO)

Instanta pentru conflicte de munca

state court (US)

instanta statala

IP courts

Instante specializate PI

criminal courts

Instantele penale

Solicitation

Instigare la comiterea unei infractiuni

Hearing notice

instiintare de termen

provisions that make these principles binding

instituie imperativul

The established concept of a (criminal) offenc/se

institutia infractiunii

Arbitral institution

institutie arbitrala

International arbitral institution

Institutie arbitrala internationala

audit office

institutie de audit

Correctional facility

Institutie de corectie, institutie corectionala

Payment institution

Institutie de plata

Systemically Important Financial Institution (SIFI)

Institutie financiara de importanta sistemica

Global SIFI (G-SIFI)

Institutie financiara sistemica globala

Domestic SIFI (D-SIFI)

Institutie financiara sistemica nationala

Legal institutions

Institutiile juridice

institutionalized

institutionalizat

Forensic Medical (Investigation) Institute

Institutul Medico-Legal

Induction

Instruire initiala

Competition compliance training

Instruire privind conformitatea concurentiala

payment instrument

instrument de plata

Ratification instrument

Instrument de ratificare

Derivative

Instrument derivat

financial instrument

instrument financiar

Non-binding instrument

Instrument neobligatoriu

to build (a case)

a instrumenta (un caz)

to handle

instrumenta

investigate a case

instrumentarea unui dosar

attesting

instrumentator (notar)

Market-based instruments

Instrumente bazate pe piata

Soft law instruments

Instrumente de soft law

Hybrid instruments

Instrumente hibride

Binding vs. Non-binding instruments (soft law)

Instrumente obligatorii vs. non-obligatorii (drept „tare” si „moale”)

Bail-in-able instruments

Instrumente supuse bail-in-ului

Insurrection

Insurectie

Insurtech

to register an apartment in the Land Registry

intabulun apartament / imobil etc.

Caucus

intalnire separata (caucus)

Defence (UK)

intampinare

counterstatement, statement of defence

intampinare

Tightening (monetary policy)

Intarire a politicii monetare

bolstered

intarite

Delay

Intarziere

late payment / payment default/ Overdue payment

intarziere la plata

Onboarding

integrare a angajatului

Social integration

integrare sociala

Environmental mainstreaming

integrarea aspectelor de mediu

Ecological integrity

integritate ecologica

Territorial integrity

integritatea teritoriala

Amicable settlement

intelegere amiabila

Settlement

intelegere amiabila, decontare, tranzactie

to substantiate a claim

intemeio actiune

Imprisonment

intemnitare / inchisoare/ incarcerare – pedeapsa privativa de libertate

interplay

interactiune

interplay

interactiunii

Estoppel (US/UK)

interdictia de a invoca contrar propriului act

Issue estoppel (UK)

interdictia de a redeschide aceeasi chestiune

Prohibition

interdictie

Per se prohibition

interdictie absoluta („per se”)

trade embargo

interdictie comerciala

Anti-suit injunction

interdictie de actiune in alta jurisdictie

Subletting prohibition

interdictie de subinchiriere

Preliminary injunction (US)

interdictie provizorie

National interest

interes national

Public interest

interes public

Overriding public interest

interes public major

Best interests of the child

interesul superior al copilului

ingerinte

interferences

Brokerage

intermediere

Intern

intern / stagiar

Examination-in-chief (UK)

interogatoriu direct

Direct examination (US)

interogatoriu direct (de catre partea care a chemat martorul)

query

interogheze

Interoperability

interoperabilitate

Interoperability of systems

interoperabilitatea sistemelor

Uniform interpretation

interpretare unitara

Constitutional interpretation

interpretarea constitutionala

Interpretation of treaties

interpretarea tratatelor

Substitutability

inter-schimbabilitate

intervened in the lawsuit [brought by yyy]

interveni in cauz

intervener

intervenient

Third-party intervener

intervenient tert

Intervention

interventie

Exit interview

interviu de plecare

denial of certain rights

interzicerea unor drepturi

Respondent

intimat / parat

summoned respondent/defendant

intimat / parat

(BrE) respondent(s) > (AmE) appellee(s) vs. (BrE + AmE) appellant(s)

intimatele-reclamante

defendant/respondnet

intimat-inculpat

Bullying at work

intimidare / abuz psihologic la locul de munca

witness intimidation

intimidarea martorilor

extent of ownership (right)

intinderea dreptului de proprietate

concluded/signed

intocmita/ semnata

shall enter into force one year after

intra in vigoare la 1 an de la data

to comply with the law

intrare in legalitate

entering into possession

intrare in stapanire

Entry into force

intrare in vigoare

Market entry

intrare pe piata

built-up area

intravilan

Interrogatories (US)

intrebari scrise in procedura civila

the whole patrimony/ all assets of their professional LLC or single owner/member LLC

intreg patrimoniul SPRL sau IPURL

state-owned vs. public undertaking

intreprindere de stat vs. intreprindere publica

Dominant undertaking

intreprindere dominanta

family business

intreprindere familiala

Sole proprietorship

intreprindere individuala

small and medium-sized enterprise (SME)

intreprindere mica si mijlocie

public enterprise/ Public undertaking

intreprindere publica

entrepreneur

intreprinzator

family provider

intretinator de familie

(that all the...) be admitted/brought (to the proceedings) as ...

introducere in cauza

complies with all the provisions of art. 24 of the Directive

intruneste toate conditiile prevazute la art. 24 din Directiva...

Greenhouse gas inventory

Inventar al gazelor cu efect de sera

(archive) catalog / catalogue

inventarul (archiva)

AI inventor

Inventator AI

Inventions

Inventii

Burden-shifting

Inversarea sarcinii probei

Investigation

Investigatie / urmarire penala – faza in care se strang probe

Phase I investigation

Investigatie Faza I

Phase II investigation

Investigatie Faza II

Formal investigation

Investigatie formala

Customs fraud investigation

Investigatie privind frauda vamala

investigation judge

judecatorul de instructie

Inauguration

investire

Summary judgment (US)/ to be made enforceable / to render enforceable

investire cu formula executorie

vested with authority over the matter (to be judged)

investita cu judecarea cauzei

ESG investment

Investitie ESG

Cross-border real estate investment

Investitie imobiliara transfrontaliera

foreign direct investment (FDI)

investitie straina directa

Sustainable investment

Investitie sustenabila

investor

investitor

defendant/suspect

invinuit

Inviolability of domicile

Inviolabilitatea domiciliului

alleges

invoca

claiming

invocare

Plea of insanity

Invocarea iresponsabilitatii penale (nebunia)

invoked

invocate dispozitiile

IOSCO (International Organization of Securities Commissions)

IOSCO

Hypothec (civil law)

Ipoteca civila (hipoteca)

Fixed-rate mortgage

Ipoteca cu dobanda fixa

Adjustable-rate mortgage (ARM)

ipoteca cu dobanda variabila

chattel mortgage

ipoteca imobiliara

International mortgage

Ipoteca internationala

Construction mortgage

Ipoteca pentru constructie

(even) if fault is challenged

ipoteza combaterii culpei

Final and irrevocable on divorce

irevocabila pe divort

sets out her request for relief

isi precizeaza cererea

intends to

isi propune

Contribution record

Istoric al contributiilor

Chain of title

Istoric al titlului de proprietate

revine

it is incumbent

insulate

izola

remand centre

izolator

Robbery

Jaf (furt cu violenta sau amenintare)

Armed robbery

jaf armat

JAMS

JAMS (Judicial Arbitration and Mediation Services)

gendarmerie (RO/FR)

jandarmerie

Token

Jeton digital

to offend without (good) reason

jigni in mod gratuit

litigate

a judeca

judgement / proceedings on the merits

judecata pe fond

Judge

judecator – persoana care solutioneaza cauza

Justice (US/UK higher courts)

judecator (instanta superioara)

Magistrate judge (US)

judecator de instructie / judecator cu competente limitate

permanent judge

judecator definitiv

appointed judge

judecator delegat, prin incheiere

Rapporteur judge

judecator raportor

trainee judge

judecator stagiar

Single judge

judecator unic

investigation judge

judecatorul de instructie

Examining/Investigating judge/magistrate

judecatorul de instructie

trial judge

judecatorului de fond

Justitia

judiciary

Oath of office

juramant de investitura

mock juries

jurii simulate

Enforcement Jurisdiction

jurisdictia de executare

Parens patriae jurisdiction

jurisdictia statului de protectie (a minorului)

Concurrent jurisdiction

jurisdictie concurenta

Exclusive jurisdiction

jurisdictie exclusiva

Arbitration-Friendly Jurisdiction

jurisdictie favorabila arbitrajului

Default jurisdiction

jurisdictie implicita

International jurisdiction

jurisdictie internationala

Hostile Jurisdiction

jurisdictie ostila

Residual jurisdiction

jurisdictie reziduala

Universal jurisdiction

jurisdictie universala

Conflicting jurisdictions

jurisdictii conflictuale

Case law

jurisprudenta

Case-law

jurisprudenta

Jury (UK/US)

Juriu – grup de cetateni care stabilesc vinovatia (nu exista in RO)

Hung jury (US)

Juriu fara unanimitate – duce la anularea procesului

Petit jury (US)

Juriu obisnuit (decide vinovatia, SUA) (12 persoane)

Jus cogens

Jus cogens (norme imperative ale dreptului international)

Pro-competitive justification

justificare pro-concurentiala

judiciary

justitia

party/litigant

justitiabil

Climate justice

justitie climatica

Environmental justice

justitie de mediu

Substantive justice

justitie materiala

Procedural justice

justitie procedurala

Restorative justice

justitie restaurativa – focus pe repararea prejudiciului

Justice and Home Affairs (JHA)

Justitie Si Afaceri Interne (JAI)

Social justice

justitie sociala

upon police home search / when tracked down / exposed

la momentul depistarii

registered/bearer

la ordin/ la purtator

next case file for hearing is, next case on the docket

la ordine a venit (spre solutionare)

Enforcement gap

lacuna de executare/ aplicare

Chain of custody

lantul de custodie – procedura de pastrare a probelor

quiet enjoyment and peaceful possession

lasin liniste posesiune

the subjective, the objective aspect and the object of the ofence

latura subiectiva, obiectiva si subiectul infractiunii

Leasing

leasing

Financial leasing

leasing financiar

Operational leasing

leasing operational

Cross-border lease

leasing transfrontalier

legally summoned

legal citat

the required filing fee has been paid

legal timbrat

Legalization of copy

legalizarea copiei

Legalization of signature

legalizarea semnaturii

bequest / legacy

legate

Closest connection

legatura cea mai stransa

business relationship

legatura de actionariat

Causation

legatura de cauzalitate intre fapta si rezultat

Structural link

legatura structurala

Three strikes law (US)

lege „trei lovituri” – a treia infractiune grava = pedeapsa mare

Act

lege adoptata

Act of Parliament

lege adoptata de parlament

Applicable law

lege aplicabila

Enabling Act

lege de abilitare

Bill of Attainder

lege de condamnare fara proces

substantive/ procedural law

lege de fond/de procedura

Martial law

lege martiala

Ex post facto law

lege retroactiva

Governing law

legea aplicabila

the legal provisions applying in this case are those of Art. 147 corroborated with Art. 114...

legea aplicabila in speta este art. 147 rap la art. 114 ...

Lex successionis

legea aplicabila succesiunii

Lex arbitri

legea arbitrajului

Family and Medical Leave Act – FMLA (US)

legea concediului medical si familial (us)

Civil Rights Act

Legea Drepturilor Civile

Employment Rights Act (UK)

Legea drepturilor muncii (UK)

Human Rights Act 1998

Legea Drepturilor Omului (1998)

Equality Act (UK)

Legea egalitatii (UK)

Electoral law

Legea electorala

Lex fori

Legea forului

Habeas Corpus Act

Legea Habeas Corpus

Fair Housing Act (US)

Legea locuintei echitabile (SUA)

Lex loci celebrationis

Legea locului celebrarii

Lex loci contractus

Legea locului contractului

Lex loci delicti

Legea locului faptei ilicite

Law no. 36/1995 on notaries public and notarial activities

Legea notarilor publici

the law provides that

legea prevede ca

the law states/ sets forth / determines / lays down / prescribes /specifices/stipulates/ providesthat

legea prevede ca

law regarding the emergency hearing

legea privind procedura de urgenta si de judecare

Proper law of the contract

Legea proprie a contractului

Occupational Safety and Health Act – OSHA (US)

Legea securitatii si sanatatii ocupationale (US)

the law specifies that

legea specifica faptul ca

Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA – US)

Legea standardelor corecte de munca (US)

the law states / sets forth / determines / lays down / prescribes that

legea stipuleaza / stabileste / prevede ca

the law stipulates that

legea stipuleaza ca

law of talion

legea talionului

UNCITRAL Model Law

Legea-model UNCITRAL

Model Law

Lege-model

Right-to-work laws (US)

Legi privind libertatea de a nu adera la sindicat

permits

legislatia conditioneaza

Legislation

legislatie

Worker protection legislation

legislatie de protectie a lucratorilor

Delegated legislation

legislatie delegata

National legislation

legislatie nationala

National environmental legislation

legislatie nationala de mediu

Secondary legislation

legislatie secundara

Self-defence

legitima aparare

legal standing

legitimare procesuala activa/ calitate procesuala

The court proceeds to identify the parties.

legitimarea partilor

Legitimacy of child

legitimitatea copilului

Lex mercatoria

lex mercatoria (dreptul comercial cutumiar)

lien free

liber de gaj

Freelancer

liber profesionist

sole practitioner

liber profesionist

Market liberalization

liberalizarea pietei

debt payments

liberatiuni

Fundamental liberty

libertate fundamentala

supervised release; probation

libertate supravegheata

Freedom of association

libertatea de asociere

Freedom of movement

libertatea de circulatie

Free movement of capital

libertatea de circulatie a capitalurilor

Free movement of goods

libertatea de circulatie a marfurilor

Free movement of persons

libertatea de circulatie a persoanelor

Free movement of services

libertatea de circulatie a serviciilor

Freedom of expression

libertatea de exprimare

Freedom of speech

libertatea de exprimare

Freedom of assembly

libertatea de intrunire

Freedom of the press

libertatea presei

Prosecutorial discretion

libertatea procurorului de a decide daca sa puna sub acuzare

Freedom of religion

libertatea religioasa

Civil liberties

libertati civile

Fundamental freedoms

libertati fundamentale

liceity/legitimacy/lawfulness

liceitate

License

licenta

Export license

licenta de export

business license

licenta de functionare

Import license

licenta de import

Environmental license

licenta de mediu

exclusive licence (UK) / exclusive license (US)

licenta exclusiva

Exclusive license

licenta exclusiva

Royalty-free license

licenta fara redevente

GPL (General Public License)

Licenta General Publica (GPL)

MIT license

Licenta MIT

non-exclusive licence/license

licenta neexclusiva

Non-exclusive license

licenta neexclusiva

Compulsory license

licenta obligatorie

Compulsory licensing in health

licenta obligatorie in sanatate

Open-source license

licenta open-source

Dual-use license

licenta pentru produse cu dubla utilizare

software license

licenta software

Creative Commons (CC)

licente creative commons

Bachelor of Laws (LLB)

licentiat in stiinte juridice

Cross-licensing

licentiere reciproca

Pedagogic High School

liceu pedagogic

Liquidation/ Winding-up (UK)/ liquidation (US corporate)

lichidare

Taxation of costs

lichidarea cheltuielilor

liquidator (UK) / trustee in bankruptcy (US)

lichidator

Trustee in bankruptcy

lichidator judiciar

liquidity / cash flow

lichiditati

auction / bidding

licitatie

Foreclosure auction

licitatie de executare

Sheriff’s sale

licitatie judecatoreasca

Judicial auction

licitatie judiciara

Public auction

licitatie publica

Governing language

limba aplicabila contractului

international language

limba de circulatie internationala

Languages of the treaty

limbile tratatului

Emission limit

limita de emisii

Safe exposure limit

limita sigura de expunere

Output limitation

limitarea productiei

fettered in their legal dealings

limitata in actiunile sale legale

the limits of trial in lower court

limitele judecarii cauzei in prima instanta.

Credit line /Credit facility

linia de credit

lack of (legal) standing; lack of locus standi

lipsa calitatii procesuale

Incapacity

lipsa capacitatii

Procedural irregularities

lipsa de procedura

Lack of jurisdiction

lipsa jurisdictiei

Lack of precedent

lipsa precedentului

Lack of due process

lipsa procesului echitabil

unlawful deprivation of freedom

lipsire de libertate

False imprisonment

lipsire de libertate ilegala

Lack of interest

lipsit de interes

Endangered Species List

lista a speciilor pe cale de disparitie

Packing list

lista de ambalaj

Arbitrator Roster

lista de arbitri

Mediator Roster

lista de mediatori

List of lots

lista de partizi

stock exchange listing

listare la bursa

Banking Disputes

litigii bancare

Climate litigation

litigii climatice

Environmental litigation

litigii de mediu

Domain Name Disputes

litigii privind numele de domeniu

Multidistrict litigation (US)

litigii transferate pe districte multiple

Cross-border disputes

litigii transfrontaliere

Customs litigation

litigii vamale

dispute

litigiu

Civil litigation

litigiu civil

commercial litigation

litigiu comercial

Complex litigation

litigiu complex

Boundary dispute

litigiu de granita

Group litigation (UK)

litigiu de grup

Public interest litigation

litigiu de interes public

International dispute

litigiu international

Relocation dispute

litigiu privind relocarea

Cross-border dispute

litigiu transfrontalier

Post-clearance dispute

litigiu ulterior vamuirii

Lis pendens doctrine

litispendenta

Lis pendens

litispendenta/ cauze pendinte

Delivered Duty Paid (DDP)

Livrat cu taxele platite (DDP)

family record book

livret de familie

venue

loc de desfasurare a procesului

Workplace

loc de munca

tenancy / leasehold

locatie de gestiune

Lessor / landlord

locator / comodant

Dwelling

locuinta

Cooperative housing

locuinta in cooperativa

Public housing

locuinte sociale

Social housing

locuinte sociale

Section 8 housing (US)

locuinte subventionate (SUA)

Co-housing

locuire partajata

Place of arbitration

locul arbitrajului

Place of celebration

locul celebrarii

Place of succession

locul deschiderii mostenirii

Place of performance

locul executarii

Place of tort

locul faptei ilicite

Place of contract

locul incheierii contractului

Land subdivision

lotizare

Assault

lovire / amenintare cu violenta

Battery (US)

Lovire efectiva – in UK termenul este inclus in „assault”

battery leading to death/resulting in death

lovituri cauzatoare de moarte

Impartial Decision-Making

luarea impartiala a deciziilor

works

lucrare

miscellaneous incident (investigation) report

lucrare diversa

Preparatory works (travaux préparatoires)

lucrari pregatitoare

proceedings

lucrarile dosarului

Worker (UK)

lucrator (diferenta juridica fata de salariat)

Posted worker

lucrator detasat

employee on secondment/secondee

lucrator detasat

Frontier worker

lucrator frontalier

Self-employed

lucrator independent

Migrant worker

lucrator migrant

Casual worker

lucrator ocazional

Agency worker

lucrator prin agentie

Seasonal worker

lucrator sezonier

Cross-border worker

lucrator transfrontalier

Custody battle

lupta pentru custodie

shall acknowledge terms

lutermene in cunostint

MAE-SCUE

Ministerul Afacerilor Externe - Serviciul Contencios UE

magistrate (UK/US)

magistrat / judecator de instanta inferioara

Magna Carta

Adult

major

Rent increase

majorare de chirie

to increase the penalty for

majorcuantumul unei pedepse

Special majority

majoritate speciala

applicant mother/petitioning mother

mamei reclamante

Digital Rights Management (DRM)

managementul drepturilor digitale

Renewable resource management

managementul resurselor regenerabile

Environmental risk management

managementul riscului de mediu

Customs risk management

managementul riscurilor vamale

Coastal zone management

managementul zonelor costiere

Manager

manager / conducator

HR manager

Manager HR

Mandate

mandat

Warrant

mandat – autorizatie emisa de instanta (de arestare, de perchezitie)

Bench warrant

mandat de aducere (in lipsa inculpatului)

bench warrant (UK/US)

mandat de aducere pentru neprezentare

provisional arrest warrant

mandat de arest provizoriu

Arrest warrant

mandat de arestare

warrant of execution

mandat de executare

extradition warrant

mandat de extradare

warrant of committal

mandat de incarcerare

wiretap authorization

mandat de interceptare

search warrant

mandat de perchezitie

position paper

mandat de pozitie

recapture warrant

mandat de rearestare

emergency warrant

mandat de urgenta

International search warrant

mandat de urmarire internationala

prosecutorial warrant (RO)

mandat emis de procuror (doar in unele cazuri limitate)

European Arrest Warrant (EAW)

mandat european de arestare

International arrest warrant

mandat international de arestare

judicial warrant

mandat judecatoresc

undercover warrant

mandat pentru operatiuni sub acoperire

attorney-in-fact / proxy

mandatar

Monitoring trustee

mandatar de monitorizare

Remedies trustee

mandatar pentru implementarea remediilor

empowered by

mandatat prin

Cargo manifest

manifest de incarcatura

highlight the cross-border nature of the illegal activities of criminal groups acting in collusion

manifestare a gestului ilicit in cadrul anturajului de coniventa

Manipulation

manipulare de piata

tampering with evidence

manipularea probelor

Competition compliance manual

manual de conformitate concurentiala

Dawn raid manual

manual de inspectii inopinate

judgments file

mapa de sentinte

Trademark

marca

EU trademark (EUTM)

Marca a Uniunii Europene

Collective mark

marca colectiva

Trademark

marca comerciala

Certification mark

marca de certificare

Hologram mark

marca holograma

Motion mark

marca in miscare

International trademark (WIPO)

marca internationala (ompi/wipo)

National trademark

marca nationala

Well-known trademark

marca renumita

Sound mark

marca sonora

Time-stamping

marca temporala

Blockchain timestamping

marcaj temporal pe blockchain

solid white centre line

marcajul longitudinal continuu

trademarks

marci comerciale

Non-traditional trademarks

marci netraditionale

Grand jury (US)

Mare jurat (decide punerea sub acuzare, doar in SUA)

goods / merchandise

marfa

High-risk goods

marfuri cu risc ridicat

Equivalent goods

marfuri echivalente

Margin

marja

Bid-ask spread

marja bid-ask

commercial margin

marja comerciala

Margin of appreciation

marja de apreciere

Leniency marker

marker de clementa

witness

martor

Witness

martor – persoana chemata sa declare ce stie despre caz

Character witness

martor de caracter

trial witness

martor din lucrari

Fact Witness

martor faptic

hostile witness

martor ostil

testimony

marturie

Witness testimony

marturie a martorului, depozitia martorului

Perjury

marturie mincinoasa

false testimony/perjury

marturie neadevarata

Oral testimony

marturie orala

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Negotiation Table

masa negocierilor

marital/divisible property/assets

masa partajabila

chart of heirs

masa succesorala

Company car

masina de serviciu

Interim measure

masura provizorie

Active labour measures

masuri active pe piata muncii

Community corrections

masuri alternative comunitare

Diversion

masuri alternative la proces (consiliere, programe de reabilitare)

Anti-dumping measures

masuri antidumping

Coercive measures

masuri coercitive

Compensatory measures

masuri compensatorii

Conservatory Measures

masuri conservatorii

Mitigation measures

masuri de atenuare

Quarantine measures

masuri de carantina

Implementation measures

masuri de implementare

Precautionary measures

masuri de precautie/ masuri asiguratorii

Safeguard measures

masuri de salvgardare

covert visual surveillance measures

masuri de urmarire visual camuflate

General measures

masuri generale

Individual measures

masuri individuale

Border measures

masuri la frontiera

Passive labour measures

masuri pasive pe piata muncii

preventive measures (RO)

masuri preventive (arest, control judiciar, cautiune etc.)

provisional measures

masuri provizorii

Provisional Relief

masuri provizorii de protectie

Interim arbitral measures

masuri provizorii in arbitraj

Interim relief

masuri provizorii/ interimare

Reparatory measures

masuri reparatorii

Technological protection measures

masuri tehnice de protectie

Transitional measures

masuri tranzitorii

Green customs measures

masuri verzi vamale

procedural measures of coercion

masurile procesuale de constrangere

stamp duty impression or frank

matca

(based on) the evidence presented

material probator

Non-Arbitrable Matters

materii nearbitrabile

Maturity

maturitate

Cooperation mechanism

mecanism de cooperare

Clean Development Mechanism (CDM)

mecanism de dezvoltare curata

Sanction mechanism

mecanism de sanctionare

Dispute resolution mechanism

mecanism de solutionare a litigiilor

Single Resolution Mechanism (SRM)

mecanism unic de rezolutie

Cash delivery mechanisms

mecanisme de livrare a numerarului

Redistribution mechanisms

mecanisme de redistribuire

Solidarity mechanisms

mecanisme de solidaritate

WTO dispute settlement

Mecanismul de solutionare a litigiilor OMC

European Stability Mechanism (ESM)

Mecanismul European de Stabilitate

Investor–state dispute settlement (ISDS)

Mecanismul ISDS

Med-arb

Med-arb (mediere urmata de arbitraj)

Mediator

mediator

General practitioner

medic de familie

Prescription drugs

medicamente compensate

General average grade for 3 years of study

medie generala de promovare

mediation

mediere

Job placement

mediere a muncii

Mediation in tenancy

mediere in litigii locative

Mediation in social disputes

mediere in litigiile sociale

Patent Mediation

mediere in materie de brevete

Intellectual Property Mediation

mediere in proprietate intelectuala

International Mediation

mediere internationala

Remote Mediation

mediere la distanta

Non-binding mediation

mediere neobligatorie

Notarial mediation

mediere notariala

Mandatory Mediation

mediere obligatorie

Preventive Mediation

mediere preventiva

Cross-border Mediation

mediere transfrontaliera

Voluntary Mediation

mediere voluntara

Court-annexed Mediation

medierea anexata instantelor

members of the hearing panel/committee

membrii plenului audierii

member / partner

membru

Clearing member

membru compensator

memorandum of association (UK) / articles of incorporation (US)

memorandum de asociere

Memorandum of understanding

memorandum de intelegere

Memorandum of Understanding (MoU)

memorandum de intelegere

Legal brief (US)

memoriu juridic

mendacity

minciuna

Hiding the real situation from their families

mentinea familiilor acestora starea de eroare

Resale price maintenance

mentinerea pretului de revanzare

to stipulate/ state

mentionarea

simplu

mere

Heavy metals

metale grele

Alternative valuation method

metoda alternativa de evaluare

Cost approach

metoda bazata pe cost

Income approach

metoda bazata pe venit

Community method

metoda comunitara

Market approach

metoda de piata

IP valuation methods

metode de evaluare pi

Microfinance

microfinantare

current assets / working capital (WC) / working assets

mijloace circulante

Supplementary means of interpretation

mijloace suplimentare de interpretare

guarantor of human rights

mijloc de garantare

Registration Office

miljoc de plata de inregistrare

Text and data mining (TDM)

minarea de texte si date

mendacity

minciuna

Mini-trial

mini-proces

Ministry / Department

minister / departament

government department

minister / departament guvernamental

Environmental ministry

Minister al mediului

Ministry of Administration and Interior

Ministerul Administratiei si Internelor

Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Ministerul Afacerilor Externe

Foreign, Commonwealth & Development Office (FCDO)

Ministerul Afacerilor Externe si al Dezvoltarii

Ministry of Internal Affairs

Ministerul Afacerilor Interne

Ministry of Social Affairs

Ministerul Afacerilor Sociale

Ministry of National Defense

Ministerul Apararii Nationale

Ministry of Culture

Ministerul Culturii

Ministry of the Interior/ Home Office (UK)

Ministerul de Interne

Home Office

Ministerul de Interne (UK)

Department for Education/ Ministry of Education

Ministerul Educatiei

HM Treasury

Ministerul Finantelor

Ministry of Public Finance

Ministerul Finantelor Publice

Ministry of Justice

Ministerul Justitiei

Ministry of Environment

Ministerul Mediului

Ministry of Labour

Ministerul Muncii

Department for Work and Pensions

Ministerul Muncii si Pensiilor

Ministry of Labour and Social Protection

Ministerul Muncii si Protectiei Sociale

the Public Prosecutor

Ministerul Public

Public prosecutor (RO/UK)

Ministerul Public / procuror

Department of Health and Social Care/ Ministry of Health

Ministerul Sanatatii

Ministry of Transport and Infrastructure

Ministerul Transporturilor si Infrastructurii

Justice Minister

Ministrul Justitiei

the ministry intervenes of its own accord

ministrul se autosesizeaza

Minor

minor

Minute of order (UK)

minuta ordonantei

misdemeanour

suspendare

Bribery

mita – oferirea/primirea de foloase necuvenite

Labour mobility

mobilitatea fortei de munca

Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR)

modalitati alternative de solutionare a disputelor

Alternative ways to non-custodial sentence

modalitati de executare fara detentie

Utility model

model de utilitate

Customs modernization

modernizare vamala

Modification

modificare

Amendment of legislation

modificarea legislatiei

GDP modified vs last year (%)

modificarea PIB fata de anul precedent (%)

Amendment of treaties

modificarea tratatelor

as amended hereunder.

modificari aduse legii

amendments and completions

modificari si completari

Constitutional monarchy

monarhie constitutionala

Currency

moneda

Applicable currency

moneda aplicabila

Convertible currency

moneda convertibila

Digital currency

moneda digitala

Central Bank Digital Currency (CBDC)

moneda digitala a bancii centrale

E-money

moneda electronica

Fiat money

moneda fiduciara

Legal tender

moneda legala

Non-convertible currency

moneda neconvertibila

foreign currency

moneda straina

Environmental monitoring

monitorizare de mediu

Compliance monitoring

monitorizarea conformitatii

Market monitoring

monitorizarea pietei

Official Gazette

Monitorul Oficial

monopoly

monopol

State monopoly

monopol de stat

Inheritance

mostenire

Cross-border inheritance

mostenire transfrontaliera

Escheat

mostenire vacanta preluata de stat

Heir

mostenitor

heir who is entitled to a portion of an inheritance

mostenitor rezervatar

motion

motiune, sesizare

Vote of no confidence

motiune de cenzura

motion

motiune, sesizare

reasoning with matters of fact and of law

motivarea in fapt si in drept

reasoned in law = supported by proper legal reasoning

motivata in drept

Annulment Grounds / Grounds for annulment

motive de anulare

Grounds for refusal

motive de refuz

the grounds prayed in aid > cited in support > of a divorce petition

motivele chemarii in judecata

Object of the Legislative Act

motivul emiterii actului normativ

Motorman sau oiler

motorist

multiplier for compensation

multiplicator de compensare

Forced labour

munca fortata

Hybrid work

munca hibrida

Community service

munca in folosul comunitatii – alternativa la inchisoare

Shift work

munca in schimburi

Child labour

munca infantila

Remote work

munca la distanta / telemunca

Undeclared work

munca nedeclarata

Hazardous work

munca periculoasa

Temporary agency work

munca prin agent de munca temporara

unskilled labour

muncitor necalificat

county capital city

municipiul resedinta de judet

reprimand

mustrare

formation

nasterea

Nationality

nationalitate/ cetatenie

living nature

natura vie

unknown

natural

Double jeopardy (US/UK)

ne bis in idem – nu poti fi judecat de doua ori pentru aceeasi fapta

we hereby affirm our commitment/openness to collaboration

ne exprimam intreaga disponibilitate de colaborare

deny allegations

neaga acuzatiile

unsuccessful

necastigator

Non-compliance

neconformitate/ nerespectare

ignorance of the law

necunoasterea legii

Non-discrimination

nediscriminare

non-performance / default

neexecutare

Negligence

neglijenta

professional negligence

neglijenta profesionala

Negotiator

negociator

Negotiation

negociere

Collective bargaining

negociere colectiva

Good Faith Negotiation

negociere de buna-credinta

plea bargaining (US)

negocierea pedepsei (recunoasterea vinovatiei)

Settlement Negotiations

negocieri de intelegere

Tripartite negotiations

negocieri tripartite (guvern–sindicate–patronate)

not to commence criminal prosecution

neinceperea urmaririi penale

unrestricted right to work

neingradirea dreptului la munca

immediateness

nemijlocire

Default

neplata / neexecutare

irreconcillable differences

nepotrivire de caracter

ill-placed

nepotriviti

unappealed

nerecurat

Procedural irregularity

neregularitate procedurala

Unclassified

nesecret

Civil contempt

nesocotirea ordinului civil

Neutrality

neutralitate

Carbon neutrality

neutralitate climatica

Competitive neutrality

neutralitate concurentiala

sustainable budgetary level / feasible budget allocation level

nivel care poate fi suportat de buget

Minimum standard of living

nivel minim de trai

we are jointly and severally liable towards your company

noi raspundem solidar societatii dumneavoastra

Combined Nomenclature (EU)

Nomenclatura combinata (UE)

Harmonized Tariff Schedule (US)

Nomenclatura tarifara SUA

framework directive

norma cadru

meal allowance

norma de hrana

Jus cogens norm (EU/UN, less used in US)/ Peremptory norm

norma imperativa (acceptata si recunoscuta de comunitatea internationala)

technical standard NT/2004

normativul NT/2004

enforcement guidelines

norme de aplicare

blanket rules

norme de blancheta

cross-referred rule

norme de trimitere

Mandatory rules

norme imperative

blank norms/rules

norme in alb

Goods release note

nota de eliberare a marfurilor

notice of dissatisfaction

nota de nemultumire

notary public

notar public

Priority notice

notare de prioritate

Notification

notificare

Depositary notification

notificare a depozitarului

Notice to quit

notificare de evacuare

enforcement notice

notificare de executare

Caveat (property law)

notificare de opozitie

penalty notice

notificare de sanctiune

Interpol notice

notificare Interpol

Pre-merger notification

notificare pre-fuziune

Notice of pendency (lis pendens)

notificare privind litigiu pendinte

Interpol Red Notice

notificare Rosie Interpol

Red notice

notificare rosie Interpol

Notification of aid

notificarea ajutorului

notification

sesizarea

to make a notation in the Real Estate Registry

notin cartefunciara

Novelty (design)

noutate (design)

Novation

novatie

Novation of debt

novatie a datoriei

no notice of trial term

NTC - abreviere juridica

is not objected/incident

nu este incident

no criminal (history) record/has no criminal record

nu este inscris in cazierul judiciar

(There are) no criminal records (on file)

nu figureaza cu mentiuni

were not distorted

nu i-au fost denaturate

has not defined her legal position in the case

nu si-a precizat pozitia procesuala in cauza

overtones

nuante

overtones

nuante

bare owner, naked owner

nudul proprietar

Null and void

nul si neavenit

Invalidity / Nullity

nulitate

Absolute nullity

nulitate absoluta

Relative nullity

nulitate relativa

Nullity of marriage

nulitatea casatoriei

Invalidity of treaties

nulitatea tratatelor

Notarial archive number

numar de arhiva notariala

Insurance number

numar de asigurare

Registration number

numar de inregistrare

Notarial act registry number

numar de inregistrare in registrul notarial

National insurance number

numar national de asigurari

Domain names

nume de domeniu

Appointment of Arbitrators

numirea arbitrilor

Curatorship appointment

numirea curatorului

Guardianship appointment

numirea tutorelui

the said

numit

to inflict suffering

sa provoace suferinta

object of activity

obiect de activitate

Object and purpose

obiect si scop

Heritage objects

obiecte de patrimoniu

Objection

obiectie

Objection (to a reservation)

obiectie (fata de o rezerva)

Sustained (US)

obiectie admisa

Objection to reservation (VCLT, EU practice)

obiectie fata de rezerva

Overruled (US)

obiectie respinsa

Sustainable development goals (SDGs)

Obiectivele de dezvoltare durabila (ODD)

Persistent objector

obiector persistent

Scope of arbitration

obiectul arbitrajului

the material object (of the crime)

obiectul material

to compel

oblig

Article 46 obligation

obligatia art. 46

Confidentiality obligation

obligatia de confidentialitate

Disclosure Obligation

obligatia de dezvaluire

Compulsory disclosure

obligatia de divulgare (in patente)

Disclosure (UK)

obligatia de prezentare a probelor

obligation

obligatie

Positive covenant

obligatie activa (intretinere, reparatii)

Treaty obligation

obligatie conventionala

Compliance obligation

obligatie de conformitate

Maintenance obligation

obligatie de intretinere

Non-contractual obligation

obligatie delictuala

Fiduciary duty

obligatie fiduciara

mandatory duty

obligatie imperativa

International obligation

obligatie internationala

Costs order

obligatie la cheltuieli de judecata

Restrictive covenant

obligatie restrictiva (neconstruire, neutilizare)

Cooperation obligations

obligatii de cooperare

Positive obligations

obligatii pozitive

corporate obligations

obligatii sociale

Landlord obligations

obligatiile proprietarului

bond / debenture (UK)

obligatiune

convertible bond

obligatiune convertibila

Corporate bond

obligatiune corporativa

secured bond

obligatiune garantata

Collateralized debt obligation (CDO)

obligatiune garantata prin creante

Government bond

obligatiune guvernamentala

unsecured bond

obligatiune negarantata

Junk bond

obligatiune speculativa

Green bond

obligatiune verde

bonds

obligatiuni

Contingent convertible bonds (CoCos)

obligatiuni convertibile contingente

Social impact bonds

obligatiuni cu impact social

Covered bonds

obligatiuni garantate

Binding upon

obligatoriu pentru

Written observations

observatii scrise

Procedural bar

obstacol procedural

SIEC (significant impediment to effective competition)

obstacol semnificativ in calea concurentei efective

Criminal contempt

obstructionarea justitiei

Obstruction of justice

obstructionarea justitiei – fapte care afecteaza ancheta sau procesul

Filibuster

obstructionism parlamentar

Squatting

ocupare abuziva

Covered employment

ocupare acoperita de asigurari

Informal employment

ocupare informala

provide grounds

oferi motive

offer

oferta

Security Token Offering (STO)

oferta de tokenuri de securitate

Initial Coin Offering (ICO)

oferta initiala de monede (ICO)

public offer / Public offering

oferta publica

takeover bid (UK) / tender offer (US)

oferta publica de preluare

Initial public offering (IPO)

oferta publica initiala (IPO)

rigged bids

oferta trucata

director / manageri

officer

Land Registry Office ( Land Title and Survey Office)

Oficiul de Cadastru si Publicitate Imobiliara

Register Office

Oficiul de stare civila

Romanian State Office for Inventions and Trademarks (OSIM)

Oficiul de Stat pentru Inventii Si Marci (OSIM)

European Patent Office (EPO)

Oficiul European de Brevete

Office for Budget Responsibility

Oficiul pentru Responsabilitate Bugetara (UK)

Government Accountability Office (GAO)

Oficiul pentru responsabilitate guvernamentala (US)

The Trade Register Office attached to Cluj Tribunal

Oficiul Registrului Comertului de pe langa Tribunalul Cluj

Bureau of Vital Statistics/office of vital records

Oficiul starii civile

Hearing officer

ofiter de audiere

police officer

ofiter de politie

Probation officer

ofiter de probatiune

ILO – International Labour Organization

OIM – Organizatia Internationala a Muncii

Oligopoly

oligopol

Homicide

omor – uciderea unei persoane

aggravated (first-degree) murder

omor calificat

contract killing

omor la comanda

design contest

oncurs de solutii

Environmental NGO

ONG de mediu

fee

onorar

Notarial fees

onorarii notariale

Arbitrator’s Fees

onorariile arbitrilor

Mediator’s Fees

onorariile mediatorilor

Open banking

open banking

Artistic work

opera artistica

Cinematographic work

opera cinematografica

Work of authorship

opera de creatie intelectuala

Literary work

opera literara

Musical work

opera muzicala

sting operation (US)

operatiune capcana (US)

undercover operation

operatiune sub acoperire

economic operator

operator economic

AEO (Authorized Economic Operator)

operator economic autorizat

Food processing/extraction operator/technician

operator in industria alimentara extractiva

AI-generated works

opere generate de AI

Orphan works

opere orfane

Expert opinion

opinie de expert

Title opinion

opinie juridica privind titlul

Majority opinion

opinie majoritara

estimate on fiscal treatment of insurance operations

opinie referitoare la tratamentul fiscal al operatiunilor de asigurare

Dissenting Opinion

opinie separata

Minority opinion (dissent)

opinie separata (disidenta)

Opinion

opinie/ aviz

stopping, standing, parking

oprirea, stationarea si parcarea

Option

optiune

Option to repurchase

optiune de rascumparare

Renewal option

optiune de reinnoire

options contracts

optiuni

Stock options (US)

optiuni pe actiuni (pentru angajati)

administrative order

ordin administrativ

Ex parte order

ordin dat fara citarea partilor

Expropriation order

ordin de expropriere

cash collection order

ordin de incasare numerar

Cease-and-desist order

ordin de incetare a practicii

Prohibition order

ordin de interdictie

gag order (US)

ordin de interdictie a publicitatii (presa nu poate relata)

Delivery order

ordin de livrare

participation order

ordin de participare

Payment order

ordin de plata

Garnishee order

ordin de poprire

protective order

ordin de protectie

Protective order (US)

ordin de protectie / restrictie

emergency protective order

ordin de protectie de urgenta

Restoration order

ordin de refacere

Remediation order

ordin de remediere

restraining order

ordin de restrictie

Return order

ordin de returnare

Removal order

ordin de separare

Guardianship order

ordin de tutela

European Enforcement Order

ordin european de executare

Parenting order

ordin parental

Procedural Order

ordin procedural

Interim order

ordin provizoriu

rule of law

ordine de drept, stat de drept, suprematia legii

Public policy (ordre public)

ordine publica

agenda of meeting

ordinea de zi

Public order

ordinea publica – valoare protejata de dreptul penal

Ordinance/ decree/ order

ordonanta

Court order

ordonanta / dispozitie judecatoreasca

injunction

ordonanta / masura judecatoreasca (injunctie)

Confidentiality order

ordonanta de confidentialitate

release order

ordonanta de eliberare

Charging order (UK)

ordonanta de garantare pe bunuri

Freezing order (UK)/ Mareva injunction (UK)

ordonanta de inghetare a activelor

Injunctive order

ordonanta de interdictie

Anton Piller order (UK)

ordonanta de perchezitie civila

detention order

ordonanta de retinere

surveillance order

ordonanta de supraveghere

remand order

ordonanta de trimitere in arest preventiv

Emergency injunction

ordonanta de urgenta

injunction (civil)

ordonanta interdictionala

Environmental injunction

ordonanta judecatoreasca de mediu

Consent order

ordonanta prin consimtamant

Interim costs order

ordonanta privind costuri provizorii

Procedural order

ordonanta procedurala

Interim injunction/ interim order

ordonanta provizorie

Temporary restraining order (TRO, US)

ordonanta temporara de restrictie

Core hours

ore obligatorii (intr-un program flexibil)

Overtime

ore suplimentare

law enforcement agency

organ de drept

Enforcement body/ enforcing body

organ de executare

criminal prosecution body/authority

organ de urmarire penala

Legislative body

organ legislativ

quasi-judicial body

organism cvasi-jurisdictional

Accreditation Body

organism de acreditare

Collective management organization (CMO)

organism de gestiune colectiva

undertaking for collective investment

organism de plasament colectiv

regulatory body

organism de reglementare

supervisory body

organism de supraveghere

equality body

organism pentru egalitatea de sanse

statutory body

organism statutar

relevant bodies

organismele in drept

International Labour Organization (ILO)

Organizatia Internationala a Muncii

World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO)

Organizatia Mondiala a Proprietatii Intelectuale (OMPI)

WCO (World Customs Organization)

Organizatia Mondiala a Vamilor

Intergovernmental organization (IGO)

Organizatie interguvernamentala

Non-governmental organization (NGO)

Organizatie neguvernamentala

Non-preferential origin

Origine nepreferentiala

Preferential origin

Origine preferentiala

Civil Status Office

OSC - Oficiul Starii Civile

Emergency Ordinance and Government Resolution

OUG si HG

outsourcing agreement

contract de externalizare

Over-rigorous

excesiva

Redundancy package

pachet compensatoriu pentru concediere

Remedies package

pachet de remedii

bill of exchange declaration/ agreement

pact cambial

Environmental covenant

pact de mediu

option agreement

pact de optiune de vanzare

Covenant (used in UN treaties: ICCPR, ICESCR)

pact, conventie solemna

Pacta sunt servanda

pacta sunt servanda (obligatia de respectare a tratatelor)

Stability and Growth Pact

pactul de stabilitate si crestere

International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (ICCPR)

Pactul International privind Drepturile Civile si Politice

International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights (ICESCR)

Pactul International privind Drepturile Economice, Sociale si Culturale

Green Deal

Pactul Verde European

Cadastral Delimitation Survey/Plan

PAD

up to the contractual limit of 10%

pana la limita contractuala de 10%

up to the sum/amount of ...

pana la recurenta sumei de..../pana la concurenta sumei de

Tax haven

Paradis fiscal

Paragraph

Paragraf

the counterclaim defendant

parata reconventionala

Defendant asks Witness be questioned

paratul formuleaza proba cu martorul .....

counter-plaintiff and counter-defendant

paratul reclamant si reclamantul parat

National park

parc national

Plot

parcela

prosecutor’s office

parchet

the Military Prosecution Service

parchet general militar

European Public Prosecutor’s Office (EPPO)

Parchetul European

General Prosecutor’s Office

Parchetul General

Custodial parent

parinte custodian

Joint parenting

parinti comuni

Shared parenting

parinti cu responsabilitati comune

Parliament

Parlament

European Parliament

Parlamentul European

part and parcel

parte integranta

Partition/ partitioning

partaj

Share-alike

partajare in conditii identice

Peer-to-peer (P2P)

partajare peer-to-peer

Self-represented litigant

parte care se reprezinta singura

losing party

parte cazuta in pretentii

plaintiff (claiming damages)

parte civila, reclamant

enacting terms

parte dispozitiva

Party to proceedings

parte in proces

part and parcel

parte integranta

Injured party/ aggrieved party

parte vatamata

Social partners

parteneri sociali

Civil partnership

parteneriat civil

Public-private partnership (PPP)

parteneriat public-privat

C-TPAT (US)

Parteneriat vamal SUA impotriva terorismului

partnership

parteneriat, asociere

Common areas

parti comune

Stakeholders

parti interesate

market participant

participant la piata

Cultural participation

participare culturala

Public participation

participare publica

the parties as main participants in a civil action

partile ca participanti principali in procedura civila contencioasa

restore the parties to their pre-contractual position

partile fiind repuse in situatia anterioara

Bias

partinire

Arbitrator bias

partinire a arbitrilor

liabilities of the estate

pasivul masei succesorale

Common heritage of mankind

patrimoniu comun al umanitatii

assets / estate

patrimoniu/ bunuri

Trespassing

patrundere fara drept pe proprietatea altuia

Break

pauza

PCA

PCA (Permanent Court of Arbitration)

with good reason

pe buna dreptate

through judicial channels; by resort to the courts

pe cale pretoriana

in substance / on the merits

pe fond

on the basis of the claims (made)

pe fondul revendicarilor

attached to

pe langa

broadly and fairly

pe larg si corect

in any respect (whatsoever)

pe nici un plan

pending ( case)

pe rol

on the dockets, the settlement...

pe rol solutionarea...

Sentence

pedeapsa / sentinta – sanctiunea aplicata

abolished death penalty (UK/RO)

pedeapsa capitala abolita

Life sentence

pedeapsa cu inchisoarea pe viata

death penalty (US, some states)

pedeapsa cu moartea – aplicabila in unele state SUA; abolita in UK si RO

Suspended sentence

pedeapsa cu suspendare – executarea inchisorii este amanata conditionat

imprisonment (of minors convicted for criminal offenses)

pedeapsa inchisorii aplicata minorilor aflati in conflict cu legea penala

Mandatory minimum sentence

pedeapsa minima obligatorie

Non-custodial sentence

pedeapsa neprivativa de libertate

Custodial sentence

pedeapsa privativa de libertate

(suspended) custodial sentence

pedeapsa privativa de libertate (cu suspendarea executarii pedepsei)

accessory / supplementary punishment

pedepse complimentare

Concurrent sentences

pedepse executate simultan

Consecutive sentences

pedepse executate una dupa alta

penalty / liquidated damages

penalitate

Prepayment penalty

penalitate pentru rambursare anticipata

Periodic penalty payment

penalitate zilnica

Penalties for late payment

penalitati de intarziere

fully discharged/dischargeable penalties

penalitati liberatorii

penitentiary

penitenciar (inchisoare mare)

prison

penitenciar/ inchisoare

child support

pensie de intretinere

Spousal maintenance

pensie de intretinere pentru sot/sotie

Disability pension

pensie de invaliditate

Orphan’s pension

pensie de orfan

State pension

pensie de stat

Survivor’s pension

pensie de urmas

Widow’s pension

pensie de vaduva

Funded pension

pensie finantata prin fonduri

Minimum pension

pensie minima

Occupational pension

pensie ocupationala (platita de angajator)

Old-age pension

pensie pentru limita de varsta

full/normal retirement age pension;old age pension

pensie pentru limita de varsta

Deferred retirement

pensionare amanata

Early retirement

pensionare anticipata

Mandatory retirement

pensionare obligatorie

to be wound up by

pentru a fi lichidat de

in view of the full enforcement of Law...

pentru aplicarea deplina a legii

search and seizure

perchezitie si ridicare

finalise (to)

perfect

Inward processing

perfectionare activa

Outward processing

perfectionare pasiva

Environmental hazard

pericol de mediu

Immediate risk

pericol iminent

Vesting period

perioada de cotizare necesara

term

perioada de derulare

Notice period

perioada de preaviz

Probationary period

perioada de proba

Redemption period

perioada de rascumparare

Reconciliation period

perioada de reconciliere

Rest period

perioada de repaus

On-call duty

permanenta la domiciliu / de garda

Import/export permit

permis de import/export

Work permit

permis de munca

Veterinary import permit

permis veterinar de import

Leave to appeal (UK)

permisiune de a formula apel

a comite frauda

perpetrate fraud

person in charge

persoama insarcinata

dependant

persoana aflata in intretinere

Insured person

persoana asigurata

Disabled person

persoana cu handicap

Natural person

persoana fizica

Independent contractor (US/UK)

persoana fizica autorizata / contractant independent

the person in question

persoana in cauza

Legal entity

persoana juridica

mobile workers of a road transport company or airline company

personal navigant

Legal personality

personalitate juridica

International legal personality

personalitate juridica internationala

Illegal fishing

pescuit ilegal

Petitioner

petent

Petition

petitie

Individual petition

petitie individuala

petitory(action)

petitorie

Oil

petrol

Metaverse IP

PI In Metavers

IP in cyberspace

PI In spatiul cibernetic

Blockchain IP

PI pe blockchain

IP & biodiversity

PI Si biodiversitate

IP & competition law

PI Si dreptul concurentei

Adjacent market

piata adiacenta

Shadow market

piata ascunsa

Data-driven market

piata bazata pe date

Common Market

piata comuna

Contestable market

piata contestabila

Two-sided market

piata cu doua fete

capital market

piata de capital

Upstream market

piata din amonte

Downstream market

piata din aval

over-the-counter (OTC) market

piata extrabursiera

OTC market

piata extrabursiera (OTC)

Geographic market

piata geografica

Grey market

piata gri

Innovation market

piata inovatiei

Internal market

piata interna

free market

piata libera

black market

piata neagra

unregulated market / over-the-counter market (OTC)

piata nereglementata

Primary market

piata primara

Product market

piata produsului

regulated market

piata reglementata

Relevant market

piata relevanta

Secondary market

piata secundara

Single market

piata unica

Foreign exchange (Forex)

piata valutara (forex)

Picketing

pichete de protest (protest la locul de munca)

Loss

pierdere

Loss and damage (climate context)

pierderi si daune (in context climatic)

to tackle the substance

pipai fondul

Piracy

piraterie (informatica / maritima)

excoriated papules/pustules/plaques

placard excoriat

Contribution ceiling

plafon al contributiilor

Social protection floor

plafon minim de protectie sociala

Plagiarism

plagiat

Cadastral map

plan cadastral

business plan

plan de afaceri

Environmental compliance plan

plan de conformitate de mediu

Habitat conservation plan

plan de conservare a habitatelor

Environmental contingency plan

plan de contingenta de mediu

Profit-sharing plan

plan de impartire a profitului

Restoration plan

plan de refacere

Resolution plan ("living will")

plan de rezolutie („testament bancar”)

Parcel map

plan parcelar

Master plan

plan urbanistic general

Grievance

plangere (procedura interna)

Complaint (US)

plangere / actiune introductiva

Collective complaint

plangere colectiva

Constitutional complaint

plangere constitutionala

complaint of violation

plangere contraventionala

Inadmissible complaint

plangere inadmisibila

criminal/felony complaint

plangere penala

Land use planning

planificare teritoriala

Workforce planning

planificarea fortei de munca

Social safety net

plasa de siguranta sociala

Private placement

plasament privat

Deferred payment

plata amanata

advance payment

plata in avans

installment payment

plata in rate

cash on delivery (COD)

plata la livrare

Mobile payment

plata prin telefon mobil

Payment of duties

plata taxelor

Plebiscite

plebiscit

no contest plea (US)

pledoarie „nolo contendere” (accepta pedeapsa fara recunoastere) – nu contest, dar nici nu admit

not guilty plea

pledoarie de nevinovatie

Plea in mitigation

pledoarie pentru circumstante atenuante

Oral arguments

pledoarii

Closing arguments

pledoarii finale

Acid rain

ploaie acida

railway clearance gauge

poarta de gabarit

fully comprehensive car insurance policy (UK), no-fault car insurance (US), optional car insurance

polita CASCO pentru autoturisme

fidejussion policy

polita de fidejusiune

Labour market policy

Politica a pietei muncii

Common Agricultural Policy (CAP)

Politica Agricola Comuna (PAC)

Trade policy

Politica comerciala

Common Commercial Policy

Politica Comerciala Comuna

Common transport policy

Politica comuna de transport

Common Fisheries Policy (CFP)

Politica Comuna In domeniul pescuitului

Activation policy

politica de activare

Asylum policy

politica de azil

Cohesion policy

politica de coeziune

Competition policy

politica de concurenta

Ethics policy

politica de etica

Inclusion policy

politica de incluziune

Environmental policy

politica de mediu

Data protection policy (GDPR/EU)

politica de protectie a datelor

Environmental safeguard policy

politica de protectie a mediului

Retention policy

politica de retentie (pastrarea angajatilor)

Security policy

politica de securitate

European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP)

Politica Europeana de Vecinatate

Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP)

Politica Externa Si de Securitate Comuna (PESC)

Fiscal policy

politica fiscala

Innovation policy

politica inovatiei

Monetary policy

politica monetara

Employment policy

politica ocuparii fortei de munca

Whistleblowing policy

politica pentru avertizori de integritate

Renewable energy policy

politica privind energia regenerabila

pilot public policy

politica publica pilot

Regional policy

politica regionala

Social policy

politica sociala

UDRP (Uniform Domain Name Dispute Resolution Policy)

Politica Uniforma de Solutionare a Litigiilor privind Numele de Domeniu

Persistent organic pollutants (POPs)

poluanti organici persistenti

Noise pollution

poluare fonica

Light pollution

poluare luminoasa

Transboundary pollution

poluare transfrontaliera

Air pollution

poluarea aerului

Water pollution

poluarea apei

Balancing of rights

ponderarea drepturilor

GDP share for social security

Ponderea PIB pentru securitate sociala

distrain

popri

Garnishment

poprire

Attachment of property

poprire imobiliara

Wage garnishment (US)

poprire pe venituri

Attachment of earnings (UK)

poprirea salariului

Portability of benefits

portabilitatea prestatiilor

Digital wallet

portofel digital

Portfolio

portofoliu

portfolio/collection of securities

portofoliu de efecte

investment portfolio

portofoliu de investitii

IP portfolio

portofoliu de pi

Possession

posesie

Likelihood of confusion

posibilitate de confuzie

consular post

post consular

Common position

pozitie comuna

Collective dominance

pozitie dominanta colectiva

Market dominance

pozitie dominanta pe piata

Real estate crash

prabusire imobiliara

Concerted practice

practica concertata

Facilitating practice

practica de facilitare

judicial practice/case law

practica jurisprudentiala

business practices

practici comerciale

Fair Employment Practices

practici corecte de angajare

Best practices

practici recomandate

Poverty line

prag al saraciei

break-even point

prag de rentabilitate

Environmental threshold

prag ecologic

10% threshold/limit as per contract

pragul contractual de 10 % -- pragul de 20%

Too big to fail

prea mare pentru a esua

Preamble

preambul

Notice

preaviz/ comunicare/ notificare

Precedent

precedent

Persuasive precedent

precedent cu valoare orientativa

Judicial precedent

precedent judiciar

Binding precedent

precedent obligatoriu

Relevant precedent

precedent relevant

statement of action/action statement

precizare de actiune

stated

precizat, afirmat

surrender (EAW terminology)

predare (in baza mandatului european)

Transfer of notarial archives

predarea arhivelor notariale

predeceased

predecedat

Professional Training

pregatire profesionala

Mediator Training

pregatirea mediatorilor

Pre-notation

preinscriere

loss of amenity

prejudiciu de agrement

Transboundary environmental harm

prejudiciu de mediu transfrontalier

Environmental harm

prejudiciu ecologic

Emotional harm

prejudiciu emotional

pecuniary loss

prejudiciu patrimonial

take over

preluarea

Processing under customs control

prelucrare sub control vamal

Extension

prelungire

remand extension

prelungirea arestului preventiv

Evergreening

prelungirea artificiala a protectiei unui brevet (ex. in farma)

Preponderance of evidence (US civil)

preponderenta probelor

Statute of Limitations

prescriptia dreptului material la actiune, termen de prescriptie

time-barred

prescris

President

presedinte

Speaker of the House

presedintele camerei

President of the Commission

presedintele comisiei

Foreperson of the jury

presedintele juriului

Means-tested benefit

prestatie conditionata de venit

Survivor’s benefit

prestatie de urmas

Lump-sum benefit

prestatie forfetara

Long-term disability benefit

prestatie pentru dizabilitate de lunga durata

Periodic benefit

prestatie periodica

In-kind benefits

prestatii in natura

Public benefits

prestatii publice

alleged

presupus

Purchase price

pret de achizitie

cost price

pret de cost

market price

pret de piata

Transfer price

pret de transfer

fixed price

pret fix

preferential price

pret preferential

Predatory pricing

preturi de ruinare

provides

prevede

Fraud prevention

prevenirea fraudei

Risk prevention

prevenirea riscurilor

AML (Anti-Money Laundering)

prevenirea spalarii banilor

person remanded in custody

prevenitul

foreseeable

previzibil

Predictability

previziune juridica

Voter turnout

prezenta la vot

presumed disclaimers of the estate

prezumati renuntatori la succesiune

Presumption of innocence

prezumtia de nevinovatie

chief/first prosecutor

prim procuror

vacation bonus

prima de concediu

Christmas bonus

prima de Craciun

Loyalty bonus

prima de loialitate

Performance bonus

prima de performanta

Solicitor General

Prim-adjunct al procurorului general (UK/US)

Prime Minister

Prim-ministru

First-in applicant

primul solicitant

first hearing

primul termen

with the petition registered on the docket of the Court of Appeal

prin cererea inregistrata pe rolul Curtii de Apel

since no appeal entered

prin neapelare

Hereby

prin prezenta

by public notice

prin publicitate

main signatory

principal

Principal

principal (suma imprumutata), agent principal

General principles of EU law

principii generale ale dreptului UE

General principles of law

principii generale de drept

Habeas corpus (US/UK)

principiu juridic ce garanteaza dreptul persoanei retinute de a fi adusa rapid in fata judecatorului, dreptul de a contesta detentia arbitrara

Loser pays principle

principiul „partea care pierde plateste”

Polluter pays principle

principiul „poluatorul plateste”

Principle of conferral

principiul atribuirii

Conferral principle

principiul atribuirii competentelor

principles of autonomy of will and real will of the parties

principiul autonomiei de vointa si cel al vointei reale a partilor

Good faith principle (pacta sunt servanda)

principiul bunei-credinte (tratatele trebuie respectate)

Competence-Competence

principiul competentei-competentei

Contributiveness

principiul contributivitatii

the principle of litigant-led conduct of litigation

principiul disponibilitatii

Audi alteram partem

principiul dreptului la aparare

double criminality principle

principiul dublei incriminari

natural justice

principiul justitiei naturale

Natural justice (UK)

principiul justitiei naturale

Kompetenz-Kompetenz principle

Principiul Kompetenz-Kompetenz (tribunalul decide asupra propriei competente)

Lex posterior principle

Principiul lex posterior (tratatele ulterioare prevaleaza)

Lex specialis principle

Principiul lex specialis (tratatele speciale prevaleaza asupra celor generale)

Non-discrimination principle

principiul nediscriminarii

the doctrine of non-retroactive and immediate application of legislation

principiul neretroactivitatii si principiul aplicarii imediate

Precautionary principle

principiul precautiei

Principle of proportionality/ Proportionality principle

principiul proportionalitatii

the concept/principle/programme of income protection

principiul protectiei veniturilor

Rule of reason

principiul ratiunii („rule of reason”)

principle of legal certainty

principiul securitatii juridice

Solidarity principle

principiul solidaritatii

Principle of subsidiarity

principiul subsidiaritatii

Subsidiarity principle

principiul subsidiaritatii

Enforcement priorities

prioritati de aplicare

Confinement / Deprivation of liberty

privare de libertate

Building lien

privilegiu al constructorului

Spousal privilege

privilegiu marital

Evidence

proba – mijloc de demonstrare a vinovatiei/nevinovatiei

Evidence through witnesses/testimonial evidence

proba cu martori impotriva

Documentary evidence

proba documentara, inscrisuri

Inadmissible evidence

proba inadmisibila

Prima facie evidence

proba prima facie

expert evidence

proba prin expertiza

written and electronic evidence

proba prin inscrisuri si alte suporturi electronice

Balance of probabilities (UK civil)

probabilitate predominanta

rules of evidence

probatoriu

admissible evidence

probe admisibile

DNA evidence

Probe ADN

Aggravating evidence

probe agravante

Mitigating evidence

probe atenuante

Digital evidence

probe digitale

Direct evidence

probe directe (ex martor ocular)

Evidence in social cases

probe in cauze sociale

circumstantial evidence

probe indirecte / circumstantiale

physical evidence

probe materiale

forensic evidence

probe medico-legale

inadmissible evidence

probe neadmise

Oral evidence

probe orale

Written evidence

probe scrise

Testimonial evidence

probe testimoniale

vezi mai jos

probelor in cauza penala in care se efectueaza cercetari

probity

probitate

Structural problem

problema structurala

current problems regarding the regulation of fiscal relations

probleme actuale de reglementare a relatiilor fiscale

criminology matters

probleme de criminologie

Matrimonial matters

probleme matrimoniale

problems regarding the development of the criminal enforcement legislation

problemele dezvoltarii legislatiei executional penale

(non-)contentious proceeding

procedura (ne)contencioasa

Notice-and-takedown

procedura „notificare si retragere”

Expedited Procedure

procedura accelerata

administrative procedure

procedura administrativa

Arb-Med-Arb Procedure

Procedura Arb-Med-Arb

precautionary/preservation procedure

procedura asiguratorie

Codecision procedure

procedura codeciziei

The preliminary procedure is complete

procedura completa

Amendment procedure

procedura de amendare

Appeal procedure

procedura de apel

Appeals procedure

procedura de apel

Competition proceeding

procedura de concurenta

Challenge Procedure

procedura de contestare

Cooperation procedure

procedura de cooperare

Deficit procedure

procedura de deficit excesiv

Examination procedure

procedura de examinare

Execution proceedings

procedura de executare

Exequatur proceedings

procedura de exequatur

infringement procedure

procedura de incalcare (UE)

Registration procedure

procedura de inregistrare

booking procedure (US)

procedura de inregistrare a arestarii (US)

Booking (US)

procedura de inregistrare dupa arest (fotografiere, amprente)

insolvency proceedings (UK) / bankruptcy proceedings (US)

procedura de insolventa

Litigation procedure

procedura de litigiu

Monitoring procedure

procedura de monitorizare

judicial reorganization procedure

procedura de reorganizare judiciara

Drawback procedure

procedura de restituire a taxelor

Voir dire (US)

procedura de selectie a juratilor

Settlement procedure

procedura de tranzactie

committal proceedings (UK)

procedura de trimitere in judecata

Verification procedure

procedura de verificare

European Small Claims Procedure

procedura europeana a cererilor cu valoare redusa

Ordinary legislative procedure

procedura legislativa ordinara

non-contentious proceedings

procedura necontencioasa

Criminal procedure

procedura penala – reguli privind desfasurarea procesului penal

Grievance procedure

procedura plangerilor interne

Probate

procedura succesorala

Notarial succession procedure

procedura succesorala notariala

summary proceedings

procedura sumara

Customs procedure

procedura vamala

Ancillary proceedings

proceduri accesorii

Administrative procedures

proceduri administrative

Civil procedures

proceduri civile

Civil proceedings

proceduri civile

Confidential proceedings

proceduri confidentiale

Adversarial proceedings

proceduri contradictorii

Enforcement Proceedings

proceduri de executare

Recognition Proceedings

proceduri de recunoastere

disciplinary proceedings

proceduri disciplinare

Hybrid procedures

proceduri hibride

Parallel proceedings

proceduri paralele

Criminal proceedings/ procedures

proceduri penale

Urgent proceedings

proceduri urgente

Trial

proces / judecata – faza in care instanta decide

fast-track trial (UK)

proces accelerat (UK)

Mistrial

proces anulat

Pro bono litigation

proces asistat gratuit

civil trial

proces civil

adversarial trial

proces contradictoriu

case of impiety

proces de impietate

Integration process

proces de integrare

Negotiation process

proces de negociere

Decision-making process

proces decizional

Fair trial

proces echitabil

Legislative process

proces legislativ

criminal trial

proces penal

Vexatious litigation

proces sicanatoriu

Minutes of the Constitutive General Assembly

Proces verbal de constituire a Adunarii Generale

contemporary record of the mediation.

proces verbal de inchidere a medierii

minutes of bid meeting

proces verbal de oferta reala

Litigation

proces, litigiu

the ongoing misdemeanor proceedings

procesul contraventional aflat in derulare

traffic violation report

procesul-verbal de constatare a contraventiei

minutes of meeting

proces-verbal

report on the crime re-enactment

proces-verbal de conducere in teren

Customs seizure report

proces-verbal de sechestru vamal

Record of proceedings

proces-verbal de sedinta

Written Record

proces-verbal scris

Proclamation

proclamatie

General power of attorney

procura generala

Notarial power of attorney

procura notariala

Travel authorization for minors

procura pentru calatoria minorului

Special power of attorney

procura speciala

power of attorney (PoA)

procura, imputernicire avocatiala

Prosecutor

Procuror – reprezentantul Ministerului Public

district attorney (US)

procuror districtual (echivalent procuror public)

Attorney General

procuror general

Prosecutors shall proceed to execute it

procurorilor sa staruiasca pentru aducere la indeplinire

biological specimens

produse biologice

Compensating products

produse compensatoare

Counterfeit goods

produse contrafacute

Dual-use goods

produse cu dubla utilizare

Grey market goods

produse de pe piata gri

Prohibited goods

produse interzise

Military goods

produse militare

Restricted goods

produse restrictionate

Strategic goods

produse strategice

Gross domestic product in Mil. Eur

produsul intern brut in mil. EUR

professionals

profesionisti

gross profit

profit brut

distributable profit

profit distribuibil

net profit

profit net

reinvested profit

profit reinvestit

Trusted trader program

program comerciant de incredere

Leniency program

program de clementa

Compliance programme

program de conformitate

Working hours

program de lucru

Flexible schedule

program de lucru flexibil

Witness protection program

program de protectie a martorilor

Flexible working

program flexibil

homonymous program/program with the same name

program omonim

diversion programs (US)

programe de evitare a condamnarii (US)

Afforestation project

proiect de impadurire

Bill

proiect de lege

Reforestation project

proiect de reimpadurire

Turnkey project

proiect la cheie

Demographic projection

proiectie demografica

state-run social security law draft

proiectul bugetului asigurarilor sociale de stat

Promissory agreement

promisiune bilaterala

Promise of sale

promisiune de vanzare

to promote, advocate, further laws

promova lege

Promotion

promovare

ruling adjudicating on the proceedings

pronuntarea asupra dezbaterilor

sentencing

pronuntarea pedepsei

Proportionality

proportionalitate

sole proprietor (UK) / sole trader (UK) / sole proprietorship (US)

proprietar unic

rightful owner

proprietarul de drept

Ownership

proprietate

Vacation ownership

proprietate de vacanta

Freehold

proprietate deplina (drept absolut asupra terenului/cladirii)

Immovable property

proprietate imobila

Industrial property

proprietate industriala

intellectual property

proprietate intelectuala

Intellectual Property (IP)

Proprietate intelectuala (PI)

title is free of any liabilities/free and clear of liens and encumbrances

proprietate libera si negrevata de sarcini

Offshore property ownership

proprietate offshore

adjacent (abutting) property

proprietate riverana

Data ownership

proprietatea asupra datelor

Ownership of work products

proprietatea asupra produselor muncii

Real estate owned (REO)

proprietati preluate de banca

Settlement proposal

propunere de solutionare

Prorogation

prorogare

prosecutions

urmarire penala

Prospectus

prospect

Whistleblower protection

protectia avertizorilor de integritate

Child protection

protectia copilului

data protection

protectia datelor

Intellectual property enforcement (IPR)

protectia drepturilor de proprietate intelectuala

Folklore protection

protectia folclorului

Investor protection

protectia investitorilor

Environmental protection

protectia mediului

Employment protection

protectia muncii

Historic preservation

protectia patrimoniului istoric

Civil protection

protectie civila

Constitutional protection

protectie constitutionala

Diplomatic protection

protectie diplomatica

Equal protection

protectie egala

Legal protection

protectie juridica

BIT protection

protectie prin tratat bilateral de investitii

Social protection

protectie sociala

Notarial protest (promissory note)

protest notarial de bilet la ordin

Notarial protest (bill of exchange)

protest notarial de cambie

Protocol

protocol

Protocol of signature

protocol de semnatura

Optional Protocol

protocol optional

Optional Protocol (UN practice)

Protocol optional (permite plangeri individuale, ex. ICCPR)

Kyoto Protocol

Protocolul de la Kyoto

Montreal Protocol

Protocolul de la Montreal

provide grounds

oferi motive

provides

prevede

Accruals

provizioane (contabile)

entrapment (US)

provocare de catre politie la comiterea faptei (poate exclude raspunderea)

Public policy challenges

provocari de ordine publica

procuring

proxenetism

Publication

publicare

Disclosure

publicare / dezvaluire de informatii

Recordation

publicitate imobiliara

Border inspection post

punct de inspectie la frontiera

Item no 1

punctul 1 pe ordinea de zi

to agree (in principle) to the proposal

pune concluzii de admitere propunerii

{does seek} levy of execution

pune in executie

to advise of

pune in vedere

to grant an interdict

pune sub interdictie

enforcement

punere in executare / aplicare

Free circulation

punere in libera circulatie

Release for free circulation

punere in libera circulatie

seizure and confiscation of the goods/assets

punere sub sechestru

execution of warrant

punerea in executare a mandatului

notice of default

punerea in intarziere

to redeem/to pay off a lien

purgare

regarding

purtasupr

placed on file

pus la dosar

discretionary power

putere discretionara

Executive power

putere executiva

Judicial power

putere judecatoreasca

Legislative power

putere legislativa

purchasing power, economic/financial power

putere materiala

Countervailing buyer power

puterea de negociere a cumparatorilor

Police power

puterea de reglementare a statului

Judiciary

puterea judecatoreasca

Market investigation powers

puteri de investigare a pietei

deregistration/deletion

radiere

to strike out/to rescind/to cancel ( motorvehicle)registration

radierea

Expungement (US)

radierea cazierului

Strike out claim (UK)

radierea cererii

Broadcasting

radiodifuzare

county (US)

raion

frame

rama

to reserve judgment (on)

ramane in pronuntare

need not be aware of

ramane strain

term loan facility

rambursare

Early repayment

rambursare anticipata

Yield

randament

Speed of proceedings

rapiditatea procedurii

Kidnapping (US) / Abduction (UK)

rapire

Child abduction

rapirea internationala de minori

Debt-to-GDP ratio

Raport datorie/PIB

Debt service coverage ratio (DSCR)

raport de acoperire a serviciului datoriei

audit report

raport de audit

Compliance report

raport de conformare

oversight report

raport de control

Dependency ratio

raport de dependenta

certificate of findings /certification report of findings

raport de depistare

private law relation

raport de drept privat

Valuation report

raport de evaluare

Expert report

raport de expertiza

Leverage ratio

raport de levier

Employment relationship

raport de munca

Suspicious transaction report (STR)

raport de tranzactie suspecta

financial statement

raport financiar

Loan-to-value ratio (LTV)

raport imprumut-valoare

legal relationship

raport juridic

Sustainability reporting

raportare de sustenabilitate

Environmental reporting

raportare ecologica

financial reporting

raportare financiara

refered

raportata

Special rapporteur

raportor special

summary of donations (to be) included in the estate

raportul donatiilor

civil legal relationship

raportul juridic civil

shall bear unlimited liability

raspunde cu intreg patrimoniul

to be criminally liable, to be held criminally liable

raspunde penal

Liability

raspundere

Civil liability

raspundere civila

tort liability

raspundere civila delictuala

Contractual liability

raspundere contractuala

Environmental liability

raspundere de mediu

liability in tort

raspundere delictuala

International responsibility

raspundere internationala

Strict liability

raspundere obiectiva

Parental responsibility

raspundere parinteasca

patrimonial liability

raspundere patrimoniala

Criminal liability

raspundere penala – consecinta savarsirii unei infractiuni

Felony murder rule (US)

raspundere pentru crima daca o persoana moare in timpul comiterii unui alt delict grav

Product liability

raspundere pentru produse

Several liability

raspundere separata

Joint liability

raspundere solidara

Accomplice liability

raspunderea complicelui

ISP liability

raspunderea furnizorilor de internet

corporate criminal liability

raspunderea penala a persoanelor juridice

Criminal liability of corporations

raspunderea penala a persoanelor juridice

liability and state coercion in the field of Fiscal Law

raspunderea si coercitiunea statala in domeniul dreptului fiscal

State liability

raspunderea statului

State responsibility

raspunderea statului

Answer (US)

raspuns la cerere

Statement of Defence

raspuns la cerere

Answer to counter statement/statement of defence

raspuns la intampinare

Rejoinder

raspuns la raspuns

Environmental emergency response

raspuns la urgente de mediu

to rebut (presumption); to controvert (evidence)

a rasturna

Installment

rata

Social contribution rate

rata a contributiei sociale

Vacancy rate

rata a neocuparii

Absorption rate

rata de absorbtie

Liquidity coverage ratio (LCR)

rata de acoperire a lichiditatii

Capital adequacy ratio (CAR)

rata de adecvare a capitalului

Net stable funding ratio (NSFR)

rata de finantare stabila neta

Replacement rate

rata de inlocuire

exchange rate

rata de schimb

interest rate

rata dobanzii

Rate of inflation %

rata inflatiei %

Liquidity ratio

rata lichiditatii

Rate of unemployment in %

rata somajului in %

lease installments

rate de leasing

attrition rates

ratele de uzura

Ratification

ratificare

Parliamentary ratification (UK/EU/RO practice)

ratificare parlamentara (legi de ratificare adoptate de parlament)

Senate ratification (US practice)

Ratificare prin Senat (specific SUA – 2/3 majority vote)

Credit rating

rating de credit

Triple-A (AAA) rating

rating triplu A

Retribution

razbunare / retributie – ideea ca pedeapsa rasplateste raul comis

Rehabilitation

reabilitare – reintegrarea sociala a infractorului

clearing of a criminal record or expungement

reabilitare penala

Urban redevelopment

reabilitare urbana

rehabilitation of offenders (UK)

reabilitarea condamnatilor (UK)

Bad faith

rea-credinta

collection of receivables

realizarea creantelor

exercise/use (my) ownership rights

realizarea dreptului de proprietate

responsiveness

receptivitatea

Recession

recesiune

to requisition

a rechizitiona

Bill of indictment (UK)

rechizitoriu (UK)

Recycling

reciclare

recidivism

recidiva – comiterea unei noi infractiuni dupa condamnare

Repeat offender / recidivist

recidivist

Reciprocity

reciprocitate

Applicant

reclamant

Claimant

reclamant

complainant

reclamant

claimant - civil cause (UK)

reclamant – cauza civila

petitioner / claimant (civil)

reclamant (in civil, nu in penal)

counterclaimant; counterclaim plaintiff

reclamant reconventional

counter-defendant/counter-plaintiff

reclamanta-parata / parata-reclamanta

Land reclamation

reclamare de terenuri

complaint / claim

reclamatie

Recommendation

recomandare

Non-binding recommendation

recomandare neobligatorie

ILO Recommendation

recomandare OIM

Recruitment

recrutare

Rectification

rectificare

Rectification of title

rectificare de titlu

recognition

recunoastere

Guilty plea

recunoastere a vinovatiei

Recognition abroad

recunoastere internationala

Legal recognition

recunoastere legala

Mutual recognition

recunoastere reciproca

Mutual recognition of decisions

recunoastere reciproca a deciziilor

Exequatur

recunoastere si incuviintare executare hotarari straine

Recognition of foreign acts/ documents

recunoasterea actelor straine

Recognition of belligerency

recunoasterea beligerantei

Recognition of governments

recunoasterea guvernelor

Recognition of award

recunoasterea hotararii

Recognition of foreign judgment

recunoasterea hotararii straine

Recognition of Awards

recunoasterea hotararilor

Recognition of judgments

recunoasterea hotararilor

Recognition of arbitral awards

recunoasterea hotararilor arbitrale

Recognition of insurgency

recunoasterea insurectiei

Enforcement of Awards

recunoasterea si executarea hotararilor arbitrale

Union recognition

recunoasterea sindicatului

Recognition of states

recunoasterea statelor

guilty plea

recunoasterea vinovatiei

Debt collection

recuperare creante

debt recovery

recuperare creante

Post-clearance recovery

recuperare ulteriora a taxelor

Recovery of unlawful aid

recuperarea ajutorului ilegal

Overpayment recovery

recuperarea platilor necuvenite

appellant-defendant

recurenta-parata

Cassation

recurs

second appeal

recurs

administrative appeal

recurs administrativ, contestatie administrativa

appeal in cassation

recurs in casatie

referral in the interests of the law

recurs in interesul legii

recusation

recuzare

Challenge of arbitrators

recuzarea arbitrilor

Drawn up by

red.

Agreement Drafting

redactarea acordului

Drafted by / Typed by

redactat / dactilografiat

Reopening of proceedings

redeschiderea procedurilor

Royalty

redeventa

diversion of products

redirectionarea produselor

Income redistribution

redistribuirea veniturilor

Recovery

redresare economica

Certified emission reduction (CER)

reducere certificata a emisiilor

Fidelity rebate

reducere de fidelitate

Retrenchment (UK/India)

reducere de personal / restructurare

Predatory rebate

reducere de tip ruinare

Excessive rebate

reducere excesiva

Fine reduction

reducerea amenzii

Disaster risk reduction

reducerea riscului de dezastre

Poverty reduction

reducerea saraciei

trade discounts

reduceri comerciale

Re-exportation

reexportare

Restoration

refacere

report; report of investigation; contemporaneous record of investigation

referat

preliminary study

referat de oportunitate

case summary

referatul cauzei

Referendum

referendum

Refinancing

refinantare

Reform of arbitration

reforma a arbitrajului

Constitutional reform

reforma constitutionala

Environmental tax reform

reforma fiscala ecologica

IP reform

reforma in domeniul pi

Judicial reform

reforma judiciara

Law reform

reforma legislativa

Legislative reform

reforma legislativa

Parliamentary reform

reforma parlamentara

Prison reform

reforma penitenciara

Pension reform

reforma pensiilor

Refugee

refugiat

Environmental refugee

refugiat de mediu

Refusal to supply

refuz de a furniza

Notarial refusal

refuz notarial

status

regim

Export control regime

regim de control al exporturilor

End-use procedure

regim de destinatie finala

Environmental liability regime

regim de raspundere de mediu

Safe harbour

regim de raspundere limitata

legal matrimonial regime of community of property; legal matrimonial system of joint tenancy of assets

regim matrimonial al comunitatii legale de bunuri

marital property system

regimul matrimonial

Matrimonial property regime

regimul matrimonial

Registry

registru

Emission trading registry

registru al certificatelor de emisii

Case docket (US)

registru de sedinta

Distributed ledger

registru distribuit

Notarial register

registru notarial

Orphan works registry

registru pentru opere orfane

Social registry

registru social

Arbitrator Registry

registrul arbitrilor

Registry of divorce certificates

registrul certificatelor de divort

companies register (UK) / secretary of state register (US)

registrul comertului

Registry of matrimonial agreements

registrul conventiilor matrimoniale

Mediator Registry

registrul mediatorilor

Registry of powers of attorney

registrul procurilor

Registry of revocations

registrul revocarilor

civil status registry

registrul starii civile

Registry of successions

registrul succesiunilor

Environmental regulation

reglementare de mediu

Financial regulation

reglementare financiara

Macroprudential regulation

reglementare macroprudentiala

Microprudential regulation

reglementare microprudentiala

Rent control

reglementarea chiriei

regulations applicable for a limited period of time

reglementari cu aplicabilitate limitata in timp

Fire safety regulations

reglementari de securitate la incendiu

Floodplain regulation

reglementari pentru zone inundabile

Health and safety regulations

reglementari SSM

Environmental regulator

reglementator de mediu

Regtech

regtech (tehnologie de reglementare)

Majority rule

regula a majoritatii

Best evidence rule

regula celei mai bune probe

Customary rule

regula cutumiara

Exclusionary rule

regula excluderii probelor

Rule of precedent

regula precedentului

rule of speciality / principle of speciality

regula specialitatii

Regulation

regulament

Enforcement regulation

regulament de aplicare

Block exemption regulation

regulament de exceptare pe categorii

Zoning ordinance

regulament de urbanism

Bylaws

regulament intern

Internal regulations

regulament intern/ regulament de ordine interna

Procedural regulation

regulament procedural

Regulation

regulament, act normativ

Standing Orders

regulamente interne

EU regulations

Regulamente UE

Brussels I Regulation

Regulamentul Bruxelles I

Brussels Regulation (EU)

Regulamentul Bruxelles I (recunoastere hotarari)

Brussels I Recast

Regulamentul Bruxelles I (reformulat)

eIDAS Regulation

regulamentul eIDAS

EU Succession Regulation

Regulamentul european al succesiunilor

GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation, EU)

Regulamentul general privind protectia datelor (GDPR)

Rome I Regulation

Regulamentul Roma I

Rome II Regulation

Regulamentul Roma II

Professional association rules

reguli ale asociatiilor profesionale

Rules of international trade

reguli ale comertului international

Rules of origin

reguli de origine

Ethical rules

reguli etice

WTO rules

reguli OMC

Applicable procedural rules

reguli procedurale aplicabile

Prudential rules

reguli prudentiale

Arbitration Rules/ Rules of arbitration

regulile de arbitraj

ICC Arbitration Rules

Regulile de arbitraj ICC

ICSID Arbitration Rules

Regulile de arbitraj ICSID

LCIA Arbitration Rules

Regulile de arbitraj LCIA

UNCITRAL Arbitration Rules

Regulile de Arbitraj UNCITRAL

Mediation Rules

tegulile de mediere

UNCITRAL Mediation Rules

Regulile de mediere UNCITRAL

Civil Procedure Rules (UK)

tegulile de procedura civila

Federal Rules of Civil Procedure (US)

tegulile federale de procedura civila

ICSID Rules

Regulile ICSID

Institutional Rules

tegulile institutionale

LCIA Rules

Regulile LCIA

UNCITRAL rules

Regulile UNCITRAL

VIAC Rules

Regulile VIAC

resumes her (maiden) name

reia numele

Re-importation in the same state

reimport in aceeasi stare

Renewal

reinnoire

Labour reintegration

reintegrare profesionala

Social reintegration

reintegrare sociala

rejudging/retrying

rejudecand

retrial

rejudecarea procesului

Domestic relations

relatii de familie

Industrial relations

relatii industriale

marriage has irretrievably broken down

relatiile conjugale sunt grav vatamate

Quantitative easing (QE)

relaxare cantitativa

Monetary easing

relaxare monetara

Remediation

remediere

Environmental remediation

remediere de mediu

Behavioral remedies

remedii comportamentale

Remedies

remedii juridice

Structural remedies

remedii structurale

Civil remedy

remediu civil

Effective remedy

remediu efectiv

unlawful detention remedy

remediu impotriva detentiei ilegale

Remedy

remediu juridic

Legal remedy

remediu juridic/ cale de atac

Proportional remedy

remediu proportional

Structural remedy

remediu structural

Pay / Remuneration

remuneratie

Equal pay

remuneratie egala

waiver, withdrawal

renuntare

Patent waiver

renuntare la brevet

Waiver of rights

renuntare la drepturi

disclaim the estate; disclaimers of the estate

renuntatori la succesiune

reorganization (US) / administration (UK)

reorganizare judiciara

Redress

reparatie

Declaratory relief

reparatie declarativa

Equitable relief

reparatie in echitate

moral reparation

reparatie morala

Injunctive relief

reparatie prin ordonanta/ masuri reparatorii prin ordonanta

Specific relief

reparatie specifica

Reparations

reparatii

Collective redress

reparatii colective

Benefit-sharing

repartizarea beneficiilor

Allocation of costs

repartizarea cheltuielilor

Allocation of competences

repartizarea competentelor

merge

repliere

Reprisals

represealii

Party Representative

reprezentant al partii

Employee representative

reprezentant al salariatilor

Customs representative

reprezentant vamal

Representation

reprezentare

Direct representation

reprezentare directa

Pro bono representation

reprezentare gratuita (avocat)

Indirect representation

reprezentare indirecta

Legal representation

reprezentare juridica

(legal) representation in a trial/court proceedings

reprezentare procesuala

Child advocacy

reprezentarea copilului

Party representation

reprezentarea partilor

Republic

republica

to redocket

repune pe rol

Repossession of the legal rights when the prosecution is suspended

repunerea in drepturi cand se dispune scoaterea de sub urmarire penala

Reputation

reputatie

Residence

resedinta

Habitual residence

resedinta obisnuita

nationals

resortisant

Due process of law

respectarea procedurii legale

Sanctions compliance

respectarea sanctiunilor

Non-suit

respingere pentru lipsa de probe

rebutted

respinsa

Compliance officer

responsabil de conformitate

accountability

responsabilitate

Collective responsibility

responsabilitate colectiva

contraventional liability

responsabilitate contraventionala

diminished responsibility

responsabilitate diminuata

Political accountability

responsabilitate politica

Corporate social responsibility (CSR)

responsabilitate sociala corporativa

Extended producer responsibility (EPR)

responsabilitatea extinsa a producatorului

Producer responsibility

responsabilitatea producatorului

Responsibilities

responsabilitati

Common but differentiated responsibilities

responsabilitati comune dar diferentiate

Rent arrears

restante la chirie

Mortgage arrears

restante la ipoteca

Arrears (child support)

restante la pensia alimentara

Restatement (Second) of Conflict of Laws

Restatement (Al Doilea) al normelor conflictuale (SUA)

Environmental restoration

restaurare de mediu

Duty drawback

restituire de taxe vamale

Performance Bond return

restituirea de buna executie

reversion/return ( of something)/restitution

restitutiune

Restriction of competition

restrangerea concurentei

Title deed restriction

restrictie asupra titlului

Ancillary restraint

restrictie auxiliara

Height restriction

restrictie de inaltime

Hardcore restriction

restrictie grava

Credit crunch

restrictionarea creditului

Restructuring

restructurare

Bail-in

restructurare interna (bail-in)

Debt restructuring

restructurarea datoriilor

Genetic resources and IP

resurse genetice si PI

Natural resources

resurse naturale

Non-renewable resources

resurse neregenerabile

Renewable resources

resurse regenerabile

Human Resources (HR)

resurse umane

retainer agreement

contract de prestari servicii cu plata in avans

European Competition Network (ECN)

Reteaua Europeana de Concurenta

Natura 2000 network

Reteaua Natura 2000

acknowledge

retine

to consider the case

retine cauz

court postpones ruling

retine cauzin pronuntare

restraint

retinere

Wrongful retention

retinere ilegala

police custody

retinere in arestul politiei

Judicial restraint

retinere judiciara

Detention

retinere, detentie

apprehension

retinerea

Check-off system

retinerea cotizatiilor sindicale pe statul de plata

deduction

retinerea/ deducerea unor sume de bani

detained

retinut

Retorsion

retorsiune

Withdrawal

retragere

shareholder withdrawal / buyout

retragere actionar

Withdrawal of custody

retragerea custodiei

Withdrawal of reservations

retragerea rezervelor

through

retransmisie

renvoi

retrimitere

Referral back

retrimitere spre rejudecare

Demotion

retrogradare

Family reunification

reunificarea familiei

Joinder of parties

reunirea partilor/ conexarea partilor

Brownfield redevelopment

reutilizare a terenurilor contaminate

to issue a new court order

reveni cu adresa

it is incumbent

revine

claimant in revision

revizuent

motion for revision / moving party/ party requesting review of

revizuire / revizuinte

Revocation

revocare

Revocation of power of attorney

revocarea procurii

Riot

revolta / tulburari de strada

Reservation

rezerva

Reservation (VCLT term)

rezerva (declaratie unilaterala la tratat)

Forced heirship

rezerva succesorala

Nature reserve

rezervatie naturala

Reservations to the Convention

rezerve la conventie

Reserve requirement

rezerve minime obligatorii

Foreign reserves

rezerve valutare

Environmental resilience

rezilienta ecologica

Resilience of ecosystems

rezilienta ecosistemelor

Financial resilience

rezilienta financiara

Termination

rezilierea/ incetarea contractului

Resolution

rezolutie, solutionare, rezolvare

Rescission

rezolutiunea contractului

Dispute resolution

rezolvarea / solutionarea litigiilor

raised objections as to jurisdiction

ridica obiectii de jurisdictie

to lift fingerprints

ridicamprentele

seizure of records/documentary evidence

ridicare de inscrisuri

cancel/withdraw visa restrictions

ridicrestricti

to lift a seizure (order)

ridicsechestrul

Counterparty risk

risc contraparte

Credit risk

risc de credit

Settlement risk

risc de decontare

Liquidity risk

risc de lichiditate

obstruction risk

risc de obstructionare a justitiei

Market risk

risc de piata

flight risk

risc de sustragere (de la proces)

Legal risk

risc juridic

Operational risk

risc operational

public safety risk

risc pentru siguranta publica

Reputational risk

risc reputational

Systemic risk

risc sistemic

Social risk

risc social

commercial risks

riscuri comerciale

risk and peril

rizico-pericolul

Robo-advisor

robo-consilier

tax record

rol fiscal

Role of mediator

rolul mediatorului

Marital breakdown

ruperea casatoriei

Irretrievable breakdown of marriage

ruperea iremediabila a casatoriei

to enter into...on behalf of

sa angajeze

authentication of this document reguested

s-a cerut autentificarea prezentului inscris

to appear

sa compara

to guarantee the value of the collateral

sa completeze garantia

make use of / be granted access to

sa dispuna

this certificate is issued for

s-a eliberat prezentul cerificat

prepare and submit (in defence)

sa formuleze si sa sustina apararile

the respondent appeared in person

s-a prezentat si piritul personal

o inflict suffering

sa provoace suferinta,

it has been/was determined by evidence

s-a stabilit probator

to sell the property and transfer the rights of ownership

sa vanda [..] intreg dreptul de proprietate asupra imobilului

Sabotage

sabotaj

(to be able to) challenge/object to

sa-i poata opuna

to assign it in favour of the bank

sa-l cesioneze in favoarea bancii

(court)room

sala de judecata

Employee

salariat / angajat

salary (UK) / wage (US – for hourly work)

salariu

Salary

salariu (platit lunar)

Wages

salariu (platit pe ora / zi)

basic salary

salariu de incadrare

Living wage (UK)

salariu de trai decent (UK)

Minimum wage

salariul minim

Minimum wage

salariul minim pe economie

Bailout

salvare financiara (bailout)

Public health

sanatate publica

Universal healthcare

sanatate universala

Environmental health

sanatatea mediului

Sanction

sanctiune

administrative sanction

sanctiune administrativa

civil sanction

sanctiune contraventionala

Environmental sanction

sanctiune de mediu

Disciplinary action

sanctiune disciplinara

Criminal penalty

sanctiune penala

Criminal sanction

sanctiune penala

contempt sanction

sanctiune pentru sfidarea instantei

subject to (automatic extension of contract)

sanctiunea

under forfeiture of the right

sanctiunea decaderii

under the sanction of dismissal

sanctiunea neluarii in seama

Sanctions

sanctiuni

trade sanctions

sanctiuni comerciale

Sanctions for non-compliance

sanctiuni pentru neconformitate

Equal opportunities

sanse egale

Blackmail

santaj (prin divulgarea de informatii)

Extortion

santaj prin constrangere

Compressed working week

saptamana comprimata de lucru

onus

sarcina

Land charge

sarcina asupra terenului

Burden of proof

sarcina probei – revine acuzarii, trebuie sa dovedeasca vinovatia

Environmental burden of proof

sarcina probei in materie de mediu

Real burden (Scotland)

sarcina reala (drept scotian)

Lien

sarcina reala / gaj

Satisfaction (international law)

satisfactie (drept international)

Just satisfaction

satisfactie echitabila

submitted to the file

s-au depus la dosar

did separate in fact definitely

s-au separat in fapt definitiv

Maturity date

scadenta

Market downturn

scadere de piata

Bonus scheme

schema de bonusuri

Emissions trading scheme (ETS)

schema de comercializare a certificatelor de emisii

Deposit Guarantee Scheme

schema de garantare a depozitelor

Shift

schimb (de lucru)

Data exchange

schimb de date

Information exchange

schimb de informatii

Night shift

schimb de noapte

Exchange of Notes

schimb de note

Climate change

schimbari climatice

marital rift

sciziunea maritala

reform school (US)

scoala de corectie pentru minori

drop criminal charges

scoate de sub urmarire penala

to withdraw from agricultural use

scoate din circuitul agricol

cancel/ remove (the effect)

scoate din vigoare

release from criminal prosecution

scoaterea de sub urmarire penala

Legitimate aim

scop legitim

profitable

scop patrimonial

dismissed

scos din cauza

not conveyable, non-conveyable (in private dealings)

scos din circuitul civil

letter of credit (L/C)

scrisoare de credit

commercial letter of credit

scrisoare de credit comercial

bank guarantee

scrisoare de garantie bancara

Airway Bill (AWB)

scrisoare de transport aerian

CMR consignment note

scrisoare de trasura CMR

bill of lading

scrisoare de trasura navala / conosament

Exemption

Scutire

Tax relief

Scutire de taxe

Customs duty exemption

Scutire de taxe vamale

Homestead exemption

Scutire pentru locuinta familiala

to have absolute priority; to override

se absolutiz

Medical Doctor

se acorda titlul de doctor-medic

Be it enacted...

Se adopta urmatoarea lege…

act on own initiative

se autosesiza

to refer a matter to itself

se autosesiz

the surety ( for the loan) constitute the outstanding debt/ receivables

se constituie asupra drepturilor de creanta

(to) be classified as

se constituie ca

This document is hereby authenticated.

se declara autentic prezentul inscris

perform

se desfasoara

drops criminal charges/ rules out the criminal case

se dispune neinceperea urmaririi penale....

will be pardoned

se gratiaza

the file is postponed

se ia la amanare

comply with/fall within

se incadr

complies with the methodology stipulated/specified by

se incadreaza in metodologia prevazuta de

may file an appeal with...

se poate adresa cu contestatie la judecatoria

(she) will appear in person

se prezinta personal

Agreement is ratified

se ratifica acordul

to observe ex officio

se sesizdin oficiu

to pass (rights)

se stramut(drepturi)

Seizure of goods

Sechestrare bunuri

Seizure of documents

Sechestrarea documentelor

Seizure

Sechestru

seizure / attachment

sechestru

Seizure of property

Sechestru asupra bunurilor

Attachment of assets

Sechestru pe bunuri

second hand

trade secret

secret comercial

Tribunal Secretary

Secretar al tribunalului arbitral

Secretariat

Secretary-General

Secretarul General

Lawyer-client privilege

Secretul profesional

Second Criminal Division

Sectia a II-a Penala

Anti-corruption unit

Sectia de Combatere a Coruptie

Transport Police

Sectia de Politie Transporturi

Specialized chambers

Sectii specializate

Section

Sectiune

Informal sector

Sector informal

Cybersecurity

Securitate cibernetica

Collective security

Securitate colectiva

Legal certainty

Securitate juridica

Occupational health and safety (OHS)

Securitate si sanatate in munca (SSM)

Social Security

Securitate sociala

Container security

Securitatea containerelor

Homeland Security (US context)

Securitatea interna (context SUA)

Job security

Securitatea locului de munca

securitization

securitizare

Securitization of IP

Securitizarea PI

Hearing

sedinta de arbitraj/ audiere

Case management hearing

sedinta de gestionare a cauzei

Mediation session

sedinta de mediere

remand hearing (UK)

sedinta de plasare in arest preventiv (UK)

surrender hearing (EAW)

sedinta de predare (mandat european)

Sentence hearing

sedinta de pronuntare a pedepsei

sentencing hearing

sedinta de pronuntare a pedepsei

detention hearing

sedinta pentru confirmarea arestului

Directions hearing (UK)

sedinta pentru stabilirea masurilor

Preliminary hearing

sedinta preliminara inainte de proces

Virtual Hearing

sedinta virtuala

permanent establishment

sediu permanent

with address for service in

sediu procesual ales

branch office

sediu secundar

registered office

sediu social

Place of Arbitration / Seat of arbitration

sediul arbitrajului

Head of Government

sef al guvernului

Head of State

sef al statului

Head of (Trade Register) Data Management Office

sef birou valorificare date

Head of State or Government

sef de stat sau de guvern

direct supervisor

sef ierarhic

head of department

sef serviciu

Ring-fencing

segregarea activitatilor bancare

Selection

selectie

Adverse selection

selectie adversa

European Semester

semestrul european

Price signaling

semnalizare de pret

Signature

semnatura

Digital Signature

semnatura digitala

qualified digital signature

semnatura digitala calificata

electronic signature

semnatura electronica

signed in blank

semnatura in alb

Illegible signature

semnatura indescifrabila

the signature of the attorney being opposable to me

semnatura mandatarului fiindu-mi opozabila

Electronic notarial signature

semnatura notariala electronica

his/her signature being legally binding

semnatura sa fiindu-mi opozabila

Digital signatures

semnaturi digitale

marks

semne

Senate

senat

substantive sense

sens material

Ordinary meaning

sensul obisnuit

Judgment

sentinta

Arbitration Award / Arbitral award

sentinta arbitrala

Consent award

sentinta de consimtamant

Final award/ Final judgment

sentinta definitiva

pardoned sentence

sentinta gratiata

Partial (Arbitral/ Arbitration) Award; (Court of Law) Judgement on Part (of the Claim)

sentinta partiala

judgment in criminal case

sentinta penala

sentence is decretory/definitive/final/immutable

sentinta ramasa definitiva

appealed judgment/ruling

sentinta recurata

Interim award

sentinta/ hotarare intermediara

Separation

separare

Structural separation

separare structurala

Child removal

separarea copilului

Separation of powers

separarea puterilor in stat

series/number of the statutory off road notification

seria/numarul certificatului de radiere din evidenta circulatiei

sheriff (US)

serif

Wholesale Banking

servicii bancare angro

Retail Banking

servicii bancare de retail

Child welfare services

servicii de bunastare pentru copii

Occupational health services

servicii de medicina muncii

Reemployment services

servicii de reintegrare profesionala

Streaming services

servicii de streaming

Social services

servicii sociale

Payment service

serviciu de plata

serviciul Meet and Assist

serviciul M.A.A.S

NHS (National Health Service)

Serviciul National de Sanatate

Department of Auxiliary Legal Professions

Serviciul Profesii Juridice Conexe

Department for Foreign Missions, Embassies and Non-Resident Taxpayers

Serviciul Reprezentante Straine, Ambasade si Administrare a Contribuabililor Ner

Investigation Department

serviciul urmariri

Easement

servitute

Servitude (Scotland)

servitute (drept scotian)

Conservation easement

servitute de conservare

Easement of light and air

servitute de lumina si aer

Drainage easement

servitute de scurgere

Easement of way

servitute de trecere

Infrastructure easement

servitute pentru infrastructura

Utility easement

servitute pentru utilitati

Public easement

servitute publica

to refer (a matter/case) to

sesiz

notification

sesizarea

Digital seal

sigiliu digital

Seal of notary

sigiliul notarului

Logo

sigla / logo

State security

siguranta statului

Sustainable forestry

silvicultura durabila

mere

simplu

False impersonation (personation) of a public official

simulare de calitati oficiale

Moot court

simulare de proces

concealment (in law)

simulatia in acte

Trade union

sindicat

SIAC

Singapore International Arbitration Centre

end of marital community/end of community property/end of joint property

sistarea comunitatii de bunuri

Cap-and-trade system

sistem „plafon si tranzactionare”

ACE (Automated Commercial Environment – US)

sistem ACE (SUA)

Alternative trading system (ATS)

sistem alternativ de tranzactionare

AES (Automated Export System)

sistem automatizat de export (UE)

Shadow banking

sistem bancar paralel

CHIEF (UK, replaced by CDS)

sistem CHIEF (inlocuit de CDS in UK)

Family allowance system

sistem de alocatii familiale

Early warning system

sistem de avertizare timpurie

Environmental certification scheme

sistem de certificare ecologica

ICS2 (Import Control System 2 – EU)

sistem de control import 2 (UE)

Environmental management system (EMS)

sistem de management de mediu

Pension scheme

sistem de pensii

Marker system

sistem de prioritate („marker”)

Rebate scheme

sistem de reduceri

Pay-as-you-go system

sistem de repartizare (PAYG)

Dualist system (UK)

sistem dualist (tratatele au nevoie de transpunere legislativa interna)

Electoral system

sistem electoral

Inquisitorial system

sistem inchizitorial

Monist system (RO, FR)

sistem monist (tratatele ratificate fac parte din dreptul intern direct)

Private pension scheme

sistem privat de pensii

Public health system

sistem public de sanatate

Torrens system

Sistem Torrens (inregistrare titlu)

Schengen Information System (SIS)

Sistemul de Informatii Schengen

Madrid System

Sistemul de la Madrid

European Monetary System (EMS)

Sistemul Monetar European

system of free proof

sistemul probei libere

Contaminated site

sit contaminat

precondition (prerequisite) in question

situatie premisa incidenta in cauza

Slogan

slogan

Smog

smog

nonstock professional corporation

societate civila

law firm/practice

societate civila de avocati

limited liability company (UK: Ltd) / limited liability company (US: LLC)

Societate cu raspundere limitata (SRL)

undertakings for collective investment in transferable securities

societate de investitii colective in valori mobiliare

closed-end investment company

societate de investitii de tip inchis

holding company

societate de portofoliu

joint-stock company

societate de tip joint-stock

European Company (SE)

Societate Europeana (SE)

Cashless society

societate fara numerar

limited partnership

societate in comandita simpla

general partnership

societate in nume colectiv (SNC)

joint-stock company (UK: PLC) / corporation (US: Inc.)

societate pe actiuni (SA)

Professional partnership of notaries

societate profesionala notariala / SPN

single-member company (UK) / single-member LLC (US)

societate unipersonala

the companies located in the industrial / chemical plant area

societatile de pe platforma chimica

SaaS (Software as a Service)

software ca serviciu

liber profesionist

sole practitioner

claim/seek them by separate application

solicita pe cale separata

Immunity applicant

solicitant de imunitate

Request for information (RFI)

solicitare de informatii

Prayer for relief (US)

Solicitare de reparare

requested/requesting

solicitat/solicitant

consultant juridic

solicitor

has sought documentary and testimonial evidence

a solicitat dovezi documentare și testimoniale

firma cu un angajat

solo practice

settlement procedure in regard to/for the request brought forwardby

solutionare a cererii formulate

ADR (Alternative Dispute Resolution)

solutionare alternativa a disputelor

Alternative dispute resolution (customs)

solutionare alternativa a litigiilor vamale

Hybrid dispute resolution

solutionare hibrida a disputelor

Hybrid Dispute Resolution

solutionare hibrida a litigiilor

ICANN Dispute Resolution

solutionare litigii ICANN

Online Dispute Resolution (ODR)

solutionare online a litigiilor

Peaceful settlement of disputes

solutionarea pasnica a diferendelor

Solvency

solvabilitate

Long-term unemployment

somaj pe termen lung

Seasonal unemployment

somaj sezonier

Temporary unemployment

somaj tehnic

writ

somatie

Notarial summons

somatie notariala

Money laundering

spalare de bani – ascunderea originii banilor obtinuti ilegal

Burglary

spargere / furt calificat

Commercial space

spatiu comercial

Premises

spatiu, imobil

European Economic Area (EEA)

Spatiul Economic European

Schengen Area

Spatiul Schengen

specialist project verifiers

specialisti verificatori de proiecte

Traditional Speciality Guaranteed (TSG)

Specialitate traditionala garantata (STG)

Specializations/ fields of work / areas of expertise

specializarile

typical pattern of international bank card fraud

specificul international de fraudare a a cardurilor bancare

Endangered species

specii pe cale de disparitie

Protected species

specii protejate

Signature specimen

specimen de semnatura

Speculation

speculatie

Land speculation

speculatii funciare

Spin-offs

spin-off-uri

Espionage

spionaj

Hospitalization

spitalizare

sponsor

Visa sponsorship

sponsorizare viza de munca

Night work allowance

spor de noapte

Hazard pay

spor de pericol

Shift allowance

spor de tura

Seniority bonus

spor de vechime

Overtime pay

spor pentru ore suplimentare

Income support

sprijin de venit

Institutional support

sprijin institutional

Homeless assistance

sprijin pentru persoanele fara adapost

phantom company

SRL-uri capusa

driving licence and vehicle registration service

SRPCIV

undepin

sta la baza

cannot be removed from office

stabil

… establishing the process of resolution

stabilire a modului de solutionare

Case prioritization

stabilirea prioritatilor

Stability

stabilitate

Macro-financial stability

stabilitate macro-financiara

Stablecoin

stablecoin (moneda stabila)

Prior art

stadiul tehnicii

Stagflation

stagflatie

Retirement contributions/benefits up to date

stagiu de cotizare

Round notarial stamp

stampila rotunda notariala

Standard of proof

standard de proba

Evidentiary standard

standard probator

Accessibility standards

standarde de accesibilitate

Emission standards

standarde de emisii

Environmental standards

standarde de mediu

Professional Standards

standarde profesionale

Standardization

standardizare

Environmental standardization

standardizare de mediu

common indivisible ownership

stare de devalmasire

draft (minute)

stare de proiect

State of emergency

stare de urgenta

Company status: active (or currenty operating)

stare firma: functiune

property registration condition

starea tabulara

Welfare state

stat al bunastarii

organization chart

stat de personal

Member State

stat membru

Non-member State

stat nemembru

Applicant State

stat reclamant

Unitary state

stat unitar

Arbitration-friendly states

state pro-arbitraj

Environmental monitoring station

statie de monitorizare a mediului

Customs statistics

statistica vamala

to pronounce upon

statu

(Job) Title List

statul de functii

Joint Chiefs of Staff / General Staff

Statul Major General

Statute

statut / lege scrisa

Marital status

statut marital

articles of association (UK) / bylaws (US)

statut, act constitutiv

criteriile statutare

statutory criteria

Rome Statute

statutul de la roma

statute of magistrates

statutul magistratilor

Law on the Legal Profession

statutul profesiei de avocat

Verbatim notes

stenogramele

Penology/Penitenciary Science

stiinta penitenciara

Innovation incentive

stimularea inovatiei

Incentives for creators

stimulente pentru creatori

Renewable energy incentive

stimulente pentru energie regenerabila

Cloud storage

stocare in cloud

inventory (US) / stock (UK)

stocuri

Alien (legal)

strain (in sens juridic)

are neither excluded from the estate as a result of disclaming, nor are debarred

straini de succesiune prin neacceptare si nu sunt nedemni

to transfer (a right)

stramut(un drept)

change of venue

stramutare

transfer of security rights/securities

stramutarea garantiilor

Adaptation strategy

strategie de adaptare

Mitigation strategy

strategie de atenuare

Exit strategy

strategie de iesire

call of the case

strigarea pricinii

Tripartite structure

structura tripartita

Tax haven property structures

structuri imobiliare in paradisuri fiscale

under oath

sub prestare de juramant

under penalty of preclusion

sub sanctiunea decaderii

under the sanction of losing the right/of not benefiting any longer from ...

sub sanctiunea decaderii

subcontractor

subcontractor, subantreprenor

Subsequent Owner

subdobanditor

Under-valuation

subevaluare

sub-franchise

sub-franciza

Sublease

subinchiriere

undermine

submina

Subrogation

subrogatie

Subsection

subsectiune

Hazardous substance

substanta periculoasa

Toxic chemicals

substante toxice

sens material

substantive sense

...replacing it with incorrect grounds. / incorrectly using false grounds

substituirea motivarii

Substitution of power of attorney

substituirea procurii

shall not be substituted in any way with the responsibility

substituirea responsabilitatii

Demand-side substitution

substitutie pe partea cererii

Supply-side substitution

substitutie pe partea ofertei

Ozone depletion

subtierea stratului de ozon

Subsidy

subventie

subsidy / grant

subventie

Environmental subsidy

subventie ecologica

Housing subsidy

subventie pentru locuinta

Wage subsidy

subventie salariala

to subsist

subzist

Minimum subsistence

subzistenta minima

Succession (of states)

succesiune (a statelor)

Intestate succession

succesiune ab intestat/ mostenire legala

State succession

succesiunea statelor

Treaty succession

succesiunea tratatelor

branch

sucursala

balancing payment

sulta

sums due/payable to me

sume ce mi se cuvin

Supervisor

supervizor / coordonator

bonus/incentive pay

suplimentul postului

pay/salary/wage bracket bonus/increment

suplimentul treptei de salarizare

Overcrowding

supraaglomerare

Overdevelopment

supraaglomerare urbana

Judicial backlog

supraaglomerarea instantelor

Legalization

supralegalizare

Legalization for abroad

supralegalizare pentru strainatate

Excessive pricing

suprataxare abuziva

Over-valuation

supravalorare

Supervision

supraveghere

probation

supraveghere (dupa condamnare, alternativ la detentie)

Probation

supraveghere / probatiune – pedeapsa executata sub control

electronic monitoring

supraveghere electronica (bratara electronica)

Institutional Supervision

supraveghere institutionala

Judicial oversight

supraveghere judiciara

Prudential supervision

supraveghere prudentiala

Cross-border supervision

supraveghere transfrontaliera

Customs supervision

supraveghere vamala

Supremacy of the Constitution

suprematia constitutiei

Supremacy of EU law

suprematia dreptului ue

din jurul

surrounding

Suspect

suspect – persoana fata de care exista indicii dar nu a fost trimisa in judecata

Suspension

suspendare

Impeachment

suspendare / punere sub acuzare

Provisional suspension

suspendare provizorie

Tariff suspension

suspendare tarifara

Duty suspension

suspendare taxe vamale

suspension of the individual labor contract

suspendarea contractului individual de munca

Suspension of rights

suspendarea drepturilor

Suspension of parental rights

suspendarea drepturilor parintesti

Stay of execution

suspendarea executarii

Stay of proceedings

suspendarea procedurii

Suspension of notarial procedure

suspendarea procedurii notariale

Adjournment

suspendarea/ amanarea sedintei

probable cause (US)

suspiciune rezonabila (us)

Environmental sustainability

sustenabilitate ecologica

Financial sustainability

sustenabilitate financiara

upholding/defending my interests

sustinandu-mi interesele

Oral submissions

sustineri orale

Sovereignty

suveranitate

National sovereignty

suveranitatea nationala

Parliamentary sovereignty

suveranitatea parlamentului

Popular sovereignty

suveranitatea poporului

State sovereignty

suveranitatea statului

Swap

swap

Total return swap

swap de randament total

Credit default swap (CDS)

swap de risc de credit

Interest rate swap (IRS)

swap pe rata dobanzii

currency swap

swap valutar

Bill of costs

tabel de cheltuieli

creditors’ table

tabel de creante

tacit relocation

tacita relocatiune

Illegal logging

taieri ilegale de paduri

vehicle registration certificate

talon de inmatriculare autovehicul

Candidate country

tara candidata

Third country

tara terta

Taric (EU system)

TARIC – Tariful integrat al Uniunii Europene

Preferential tariff

tarif preferential

Tariff

tarif vamal

UK Global Tariff

tariful global al uk (post-brexit)

Customs tariff

tariful vamal

Common Customs Tariff (EU)

tariful vamal comun al ue

CAS (Court of Arbitration for Sport)

tas (tribunalul arbitral pentru sport)

Anti-dumping duty

taxa antidumping

HST

taxa armonizata pe vanzari

Combined duty

taxa combinata

Countervailing duty

taxa compensatorie

Authentication fee

taxa de autentificare

Translation certification fee

taxa de certificare a traducerii

duty of care

taxa de ingrijire

Registration fee

taxa de inregistrare

Maintenance fee

taxa de intretinere

Legalization fee

taxa de legalizare

stamp duty (UK) / filing fee (US)

taxa de timbru

Environmental tax

taxa ecologica

Carbon tax

taxa pe carbon

Property transfer tax

taxa pe transferul proprietatii

value added tax (VAT) / sales tax (US)

taxa pe valoarea adaugata

Sales Tax (US)

taxa pe vanzari

Specific duty

taxa specifica (suma fixa pe unitate)

Export duty

taxa vamala de export

Import duty

taxa vamala de import

Carbon border tax

taxa vamala pe carbon

Environmental taxation

taxare ecologica

charged with

taxat cu

Administrative fees

taxe administrative

taxes on any account / any duties whatsoever and howsoever

taxe cu orice titlu

Institutional fees

taxe institutionale

Court fees

taxe judiciare

customs duties

taxe vamale

Clean technology (cleantech)

tehnologie curata

Green technology

tehnologie verde

Fintech

tehnologii financiare (fintech)

drafted up

tehnoredactat

Teleworking

telemunca

Telecommuting

telemunca (sinonim cu remote work)

legal grounds

temei de drept

legal basis

temei juridic

Attempt

tentativa – incercarea de a comite o infractiune, fara finalizare

Attempted murder

tentativa de omor

the (general) theory of the civil contracts

teoria contractelor civile

labo(u)r theory

teoria muncii

Agricultural land

teren agricol

(real estate subject to an ) easement or right-of-way

teren aservit

Rural land

teren extravilan

leasehold land

teren folosinta

Forest land

teren forestier

Brownfield site

teren industrial abandonat

Urban land

teren intravilan

I gained the ownership of the land

terenul a intrat in proprietatea mea

On the date of...

termen

waiting period

termen de gandire

Implementation deadline

termen de implementare

retention period

termen de pastrare

Statute of limitations / limitation period

termen de prescriptie

notice of trial date

termen in cunostinta

time limit

termen procedural

Reasonable time

termen rezonabil

Time Limits

termene

Key terms in procedures

termeni-cheie in proceduri

to wind up

termina

Terrorism

terorism

Third party

tert

Third party beneficiary

tert beneficiar/ subdobanditor

Neutral Third Party

tert neutru

Means test

test al mijloacelor de trai

Substantive test

test de fond

Market test

test de piata

Proportionality test

test de proportionalitate

Stress test

test de stres

Testament / will

testament

Drug and alcohol testing

testare antidrog si alcool

Stress testing

testare la stres

Three-step test

testul in trei etape

Dominance test

testul pozitiei dominante

Market power test

testul puterii de piata

Most significant relationship test

testul relatiei celei mai semnificative

Authentic text

text autentic

the submitted text

textul prezentat

Gift vouchers

tichete cadou

Meal vouchers (RO/EU)

tichete de masa

insufficisent stamp duty paid in a case

timbrarea insuficienta unei actiuni

judicial stamp

timbru judiciar

Stand-by time

timp de asteptare disponibil pentru munca

Time off in lieu (TOIL)

timp liber compensatoriu

Timeshare

timp-parte (folosinta pe perioade)

pertain to

tin de

1. judgment debt 2. proof of debt (lodged in bankruptcy)

titlu constatator al dreptului de creanta

conversion deed

titlu de conversie

Title

titlu de proprietate

Reconstruction of Property Rights and Issuance of Land Titles

titlu de reconstituire a dreptului de proprietate

government bond / treasury bond (US)

titlu de stat

full ownership

titlu deplin

Enforcement order / enforceable title

titlu executoriu

(present) enforceable (debt) instruments/titles/deeds for seizure and enforcement

titlu executoriu spre urmarire si executare

preferential title/deed

titlu preferabil

degree and title of Licentiate in Law

titlul de drept

securities

titluri de valoare

Asset-backed securities

titluri garantate cu active

Asset-backed securities (ABS)

titluri garantate prin active

Mortgage-backed securities (MBS)

titluri garantate prin ipoteci

Patent holder

titular de brevet

NFT (Non-Fungible Token)

Token nefungibil (NFT)

Tokenization of assets

tokenizarea activelor

Tokenization of IP

tokenizarea drepturilor de PI

Torture

tortura

Aggregation of periods

totalizarea perioadelor

Treason

tradare

Certified Legal Translator

traducator autorizat

Drug trafficking

trafic de droguri

Wildlife trafficking

trafic de fauna salbatica

Human trafficking

trafic de persoane

to hold liable (for)

trage la raspundere

Diversity training

training pentru diversitate

Court transcript/ Hearing Transcript

transcrierea sedintei

office copy entries of title

transcriptiuni

Transfer

transfer

bank transfer / wire transfer

transfer bancar

Conditional cash transfer

transfer conditionat de numerar

transfer of ownership

transfer de proprietate

Technology transfer

transfer de tehnologie

TUPE transfer (UK)

Transfer of Undertakings – protectia angajatilor la schimbarea angajatorului

Cross-Border Data Transfer

Transfer transfrontalier de date

Costs shifting

Transferul cheltuielilor

transfer of criminal prosecution and legal proceedings

transferul exercitarii urmaririi penale si al judecatii

conveyance

transmiterea (drepturilor/ proprietatii)

transfer of legal rights to have standing to sue

transmiterea calitatii procesuale

transparency

transparenta

Market transparency

Transparenta pe piata

carrier

transportator

transaction

tranzactie

stock exchange transaction

tranzactie bursiera

Out-of-court settlement

Tranzactie extrajudiciara

foreign exchange transaction

tranzactie valutara

Insider trading

Tranzactii bursiere ilegale pe baza de informatii privilegiate

derivatives trading

tranzactii derivate

Insider dealing (UK)

tranzactii pe baza de informatii privilegiate (UK)

Algorithmic trading

tranzactionare algoritmica

High-frequency trading (HFT)

tranzactionare de Inalta frecventa

Carbon trading

tranzactionarea certificatelor de carbon

Common transit (EU)

tranzit comun (UE)

Customs transit

tranzit vamal

impression evidence (analysis)

traseologic

Equal treatment

tratament egal

Medical treatment

tratament medical

Most-favoured-nation treatment (MFN)

tratament natiune cea mai favorizata

Waste treatment

tratarea deseurilor

Treaty

tratat

Treaty (UK/EU usage)

tratat (folosit mai ales in context international clasic, ONU, UE)

International organization treaty

tratat al organizatiei internationale

Bilateral treaty

tratat bilateral

Self-executing treaty (US terminology)

tratat cu aplicare directa (nu necesita legislatie de implementare)

Non-self-executing treaty (US terminology)

tratat cu aplicare indirecta (necesita lege de implementare)

Accession Treaty (EU)

Tratat de Aderare (UE)

extradition treaty

tratat de extradare

Investment treaty

tratat de protectie a investitiilor

Social security treaty

tratat de securitate sociala

International treaty

tratat international

Multilateral treaty

tratat multilateral

Regional treaty

tratat regional

Universal treaty

tratat universal

Environmental treaties

tratate de mediu

WIPO treaties

Tratate OMPI

Human rights treaties

tratate privind drepturile omului

Successive treaties

tratate succesive

European Union treaties

Tratatele Uniunii Europene

Lisbon Treaty

Tratatul de la Lisabona

Maastricht Treaty

Tratatul de la Maastricht

Marrakesh Treaty

Tratatul de la Marrakesh

Treaty of Rome

Tratatul de la Roma

Treaty on the Functioning of the EU (TFEU)

Tratatul privind Functionarea Uniunii Europene (TFUE)

Treaty on European Union (TEU)

Tratatul privind Uniunea Europeana (TUE)

shall pass to the heirs of ...

trec la erezii

to make enforceable

trece la investirea cu formula executorie a prezentului act

Tribunal

tribunal – instanta de grad mediu

county court / district court

tribunal / judecatorie

Administrative court

tribunal administrativ

Administrative Tribunal

tribunal administrativ

Arbitral tribunal

tribunal arbitral

Arbitration tribunal

tribunal arbitral

International arbitration tribunal

tribunal arbitral international

Rent tribunal

tribunal de chirii

Environmental tribunal

tribunal de mediu

Tribunal of First Instance

tribunal de prima instanta

Tax tribunal (UK)

tribunal fiscal vamal (uk)

Employment tribunal (UK)

tribunal pentru conflicte de munca

Labour tribunal (UK)

tribunal pentru litigii de munca

Land disputes tribunal

tribunal pentru litigii funciare

Housing court

tribunal pentru locuinte

Housing tribunal

tribunal pentru locuinte

Juvenile court

tribunal pentru minori

moot court

tribunal simulativ / proces simulativ

International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea (ITLOS)

Tribunalul International pentru Dreptul Marii

to decline jurisdiction - to retain jurisdiction

Tribunalul se dezinvesteste - (ramane) investita

General Court

Tribunalul UE

Court of First Instance (General Court)

Tribunalul Uniunii Europene

Guardianship Court

Tribunalului de Tutela

Referral to Grand Chamber

Trimitere la Marea Camera

Preliminary ruling (CJEU)

Trimitere preliminara (CJUE)

Case referral

trimiterea cazului

Bid rigging

trucarea licitatiilor

Nuisance

tulburare de posesie

Public intoxication

tulburarea ordinii publice prin consum de alcool

Guardianship

tutela

Guardian

tutore

Value-added tax (VAT)

TVA

VAT (Value Added Tax)

TVA (Taxa pe valoarea adaugata)

VAT on imports

TVA la import

Apprentice

ucenic / elev practicant

Voluntary manslaughter

ucidere cu circumstante atenuante

Involuntary manslaughter

ucidere din culpa

Manslaughter (UK/US)

ucidere din culpa / omor neintentionat

Vehicular homicide

ucidere din culpa la volan

in final analysis/as a result of careful examination+last instance

ultima instanta

the last annotated entries date back to...

ultimele mentiuni dateaza din

Unanimity

unanimitate

UNCITRAL

UNCITRAL (Comisia ONU pentru Drept Comercial International)

aspects of incrimination of the abortion in comparative criminal law

unele aspecte ale incriminarii avortului in dreptul penal comparat.

unilaterally terminate the agreement

unilateral

Collective bargaining unit

unitate de negociere colectiva

Emission reduction unit (ERU)

unitate de reducere a emisiilor

issuing authority

unitate emitenta

Monetary union

uniune monetara

Tariff union

uniune tarifara

Currency union

uniune valutara

Customs union

uniune vamala

Bank Union

Uniunea Bancara

Economic and Monetary Union (EMU)

Uniunea Economica Si Monetara (UEM)

National Union of Notaries Public

Uniunea Nationala a Notarilor Publici

National Union of Insolvency Practitioners of Romania

Uniunea Nationala a Practicienilor in Insolventa din Romania

European Customs Union

uniunea vamala europeana

subsequent article(s) of the Code of Civil Procedure

urm. c.p.c (here only)

Criminal prosecution

urmarire penala

Criminal prosecution (customs)

urmarire penala (infractiuni vamale)

collection action on the receivables

urmarirea mobiliara a creantelor

Public use

utilitate publica

Conditional use

utilizare conditionata

Fair use

utilizare echitabila

Misappropriation

utilizare neautorizata

Non-commercial use

utilizare necomerciala

Transformative use

utilizare transformativa

the Lessee

utilizator (leasing)

Adverse possession

uzucapiune

Usufruct

uzufruct

attrition

uzura

is going to pidocumentsck up (any)

va ridica documente

to raise/claim any exception or incident

va ridica orice exceptie sau incident

will provide a binding /legally valid signature in my name

va semna valabil

Loitering

vagabondaj / stationare suspecta

Validity

valabilitate

Contract validity

valabilitatea contractului

Validity of arbitration agreement

valabilitatea conventiei arbitrale

market value

valoare de piata

Invoice value

valoare din factura

intrinsic value

valoare intrinseca

fair value

valoare justa

paper-based securities

valoare mobiliara in forma fizica

net book value

valoare neta contabila

nominal value (UK) / par value (US)

valoare nominala

residual value

valoare reziduala

total value

valoare totala

Transaction value

valoare tranzactionala

Customs value

valoare vamala

property price estimate/ real estate average price

valoarea de circulatie

probative value of certain writs/documents

valoarea probanta a unor inscrisuri

Energy recovery

valorificare energetica

Customs clearance

vamuire / punere in libera circulatie

wholesale

vanzare angro

conditional sale

vanzare conditionata

retail sale

vanzare cu amanuntul, spatiu comercial

sale on demand

vanzare cu livrare la cerere

Trustee sale

vanzare de catre administrator

sale by sample

vanzare dupa proba

Short sale

vanzare fortata la valoare redusa

Bundling

vanzare impachetata

Judicial sale

vanzare judiciara

sale on approval

vanzare pe proba

Public sale

vanzare publica

seller / vendor

vanzator

(top of hill) restricted visibility zone

varf de rampa

Capital deposit/payment

varsaminte de capital

Pensionable age

varsta de pensionare

Retirement age

varsta de pensionare

his (first) cousin

varul sau primar

Personal injury

vatamare corporala

bodily injury

vatamare corporala

the purposeful severe injury of the body or damage of the physical health/well being

vatamarea intentionata grava a integritatii corporale sau a sanatatii

Seniority

vechime

Special Purpose Vehicle (SPV)

vehicul cu scop special

Basic income

venit de baza

Universal basic income (UBI)

venit de baza universal

Replacement income

venit de inlocuire

Guaranteed minimum income

venit minim garantat

Minimum income

venit minim garantat

revenues

venituri

operating revenues

venituri operationale

Stenogramele

verbatim notes

Verdict

verdict – decizia juriului sau a instantei

Welfare check

verificare de bunastare

Conflict Check

verificare de conflict de interese

Documentary check

verificare documentara

preliminary check

verificare preliminara

Notarial verification of capacity

verificarea capacitatii de exercitiu

Compliance check

verificarea conformitatii

Notarial verification of consent

verificarea consimtamantului

Identity verification

verificarea identitatii

inventory audit

verificarea portofoliului

Title search

verificarea titlului

Vice President

vicepresedinte

vitiated by error,fraud or duress and

viciat prin eroare/dol

Patent defect

viciu aparent

latent defect / hidden defect

viciu ascuns

vice of consent/consent vice

viciu de consimtamant (aici)

procedural flaw

viciu de procedura

Victim

victima

Victim

victima – persoana vatamata prin infractiune

Future of IP law

viitorul dreptului PI

knock-out price

vilitatea pretului (pret lezionar)

Mens rea

vinovatie – intentia sau culpa autorului

Rape

viol

Domestic violence

violenta domestica

Declaratie privind patrimoniul limitat/conform Legii patrimoniilor limitate

virginia small estate act affidavit

long-term visa

viza de lunga sedere

Family reunification visa

viza pentru reunificare familiala

Supervised visitation

vizitare supravegheata

volition

vointa

FV financing volume

volum de finantare

sales volume

volum de vanzari

shall be endorsed to provide...

vor fi contrasemnate/aprobate si semnate pentru a ne asigura ca .../ pentru specificarea faptului ca

Qualified majority voting (QMV)

vot cu majoritate calificata

casting vote/deciding vote/tie-breaking vote

vot de calitate

Vote of confidence

vot de incredere

Majority voting

vot majoritar

Universal suffrage

vot universal

vote by mail

votare prin corespondenta

good conduct time / good time credit

zi castig

Customs surveillance zone

zona de supraveghere vamala

Euro area (Eurozone)

zona euro

Eurozone

zona euro

burgeoning area

zona in plina dezvoltare

free trade zone

zona libera

Free zone

zona libera

Protected area

zona protejata

Mixed zoning

zonare mixta

Spot zoning

zonare punctuala

Zoning

zonare urbanistica